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Dairy Production > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

1- According to ICBF: What is the number one bull breed used?

2- How many handheld services were recoded?

3- What % does the breed account for of the total hand help services recorded?

A

1- Holstein number one bull breed used

2- 482,674 hand held services recorded

3- The breed accounts for 90% of the total handheld services recorded

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2
Q

1- According to ICBF: What was the second most used breed bull?

2- How many hand held services were recoded?

3- What % does the breed account for in regards total handheld services?

A

1- Friesian second most popular bull used

2- 20,192 handheld services

3- 3.7% of the total handheld services recoded

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3
Q

1- According to ICBF: What was the third most used breed bull?

2- How many hand held services were recoded?

3- What % does the breed account for in regards total handheld services?

A

1- Jersey is the 3rd most used bull breed

2- 19,033 handheld services recorded

3- 3.5% of the total handheld

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4
Q

1- What was the average milk price in 2019-2023?

2- What was the average milk price in 2023?

3- What was the average milk price so far in 2024?

(EUR/100kg)

A

1- Average= 41.0

2- 2023= 47.0

3- 2024= 46.3 (up to august)

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5
Q

According to the milk and input price trends:

1- In 2023: what happened to milk prices?

2- Milk % index:

3- Milk % input price:

(This graph is from slide 24 lecture pp slides 2)

A

1- Milk prices declined 3 times faster than input prices

2-Milk price index was down 43%

3- Milk input price index down 14%

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6
Q

European Milk Production :

1- In EU how much milk is produced on farms:

2- Of this milk, how much of it is produced by cows?

3- How much milk produced on farms is milk used on farms?

4- How much milk is delivered to dairies? How much of this is from cows (cows milk)?

5- How much raw milk is exported?

6- How much milk goes into products obtained?

A

(Answers all in million tonnes)

1- 160.0 milk produced on farms

2- 154.3 produced by cows

3- 9.8 milk used on farms

4- 149.9 milk delivered to dairies of which 145.6 of this figure is cows milk

5- 0.3 raw milk exported

6- 110.5 goes into products obtained

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7
Q

Out of the products obtained, from the production and use of milk in the EU in 2022, what products are obtained for milk what what figures to with this?

A

Fresh products:
-Drinking milk - 22.5
-Other fresh products - 14.6

Manufactured products:
-Cheese - 10.4
-Butter - 2.3
-Milk power - 3.0
-Whey - 55.9
-Other Manufactures Products - 1.7

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8
Q

EU Dairy Statists 2023:

How many million dairy cows were in the EU in 2023 and compare this to 2022?

A

19.7 million dairy cows in the EU
This was 1.7% less than 2022

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9
Q

EU Dairy Statistics 2023:

What country in the EU has the largest dairy cow population and how may cows do they have there?

A

Germany:
In 2022 there was 3.7 million dairy cows there which accounted for 18.8% of the total EU dairy production.

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10
Q

What country in the EU in 2023 is the smallest milk producing nation and how many cows do they have?

A

Malta:
They had 5,930 dairy cows recoded in 2023

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11
Q

What is the majority of the EU countries in 2023 record in terms of numbers of dairy cows?

A

An annual decline in cow numbers in 2023.
Germany recorded the largest loss with 96,900 (-2.5%) fewer animals than the previous year

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12
Q

What country in the EU in 2023 recorded the largest expansion and what did their population of dairy cows reach?

A

Poland:
The population reached 2.1 million head, up 31,000 (1.5%) on the year.

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13
Q

What is Irelands EU milk deliveries compared from: (Jan-Jun 2024/ Jan-Jun 2023) to last period in %?

A

IRE= -5.5%

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14
Q

What is the collection of cows’ milk by dairies % in 2022 in Ireland?

A

6.3% of EU total, tonnes

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15
Q

What is the collection of cows’ milk by dairies % in 2022 in Germany?

A

22.0% of EU total tonnes

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16
Q

What is the collection of cows’ milk by dairies % in 2022 in France?

A

16.6% of EU total, tonnes

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17
Q

What is the collection of cows’ milk by dairies % in 2022 in the EU (total amount)?

A

145.6 million tonnes

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18
Q

Slide 30- Lecture pp 2?

A
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19
Q

UK Dairy Production:

1- How many producers?

2- How many cows in milking herd?

3- How many litres are being produced per year?

4- What % of milk is being used as liquid milk?

5- What is the average yield/cow/year?

A

1- 7,500 producers

2- 1.63 million cows

3- 12.4 billion litres per year

4- 43%

5- Average yield of 7,580 litres/cow/year

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20
Q

Where does the UK sit in producers in the world?

A

10th largest producers in the world

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21
Q

What is the average herd size in the UK?

A

160

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22
Q

What % of UK Dairy farmers are in Organics vs Conventional milk?

A

Organic= 3%

Conventional Milk= 97%

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23
Q

What is the Dairy cow numbers in the UK in 2023?

A

1.836

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24
Q

What is the trends in UK herd size and milk yields according to AHDB?

A

-Average UK dairy herd size is decreasing but the average milk yield is increasing
(Graph slide 36 in Lecture pp 2)

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25
Q

What is the annual change % from 2020-2021 in litres / cow/ annum in the UK?

A

0.1% change (increase)

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26
Q

What is the 10 year change % from 2011-2021 in litres / cow/ annum in the UK?

A

8.6% increase - 651 change

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27
Q

Word Dairy Production:
What is the cow milk production worldwide from 2015-2023?

A

549 million metric tons

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28
Q

Major Producers of Cow Milk Worldwide in 2023, by country:
Highest producing country (list top 5)

A

EU-27 - 143
USA - 104.1
India - 99.5
China - 40.9
Russia - 32.3
(In million metric tonnes)

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29
Q

Number of milk cows Worldwide in 2023, by country:
Highest amount of cows country (list top 5)

A

India - 61,000
EU - 19,950
Brazil - 17,065
US - 9,420
Mexico - 6,700
(in 1,000 heads)

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30
Q

How many dairy cows are there globally?

A

270 million dairy cows globally

31
Q

How many dairy cows does Argentina have ?

A

1,530
(in 1,000 heads)

32
Q

Self sufficiency Varies throughout the world:
EU 27
Year summary 2023:

1-Milk deliveries?

2-Import in Milk Equivalent?

3-Export in Milk Equivalent?

4-What % self sufficiency milk?

(slide 42 lecture pp 2 slides)

A

1- 144.706.295

2- 2.858.333

3- 24.240.069

4- 117,34%

33
Q

What has happened to Chinas Dairy production from 2018-2023?

A

China increased its dairy production by 11m tonnes from 2018-2023

34
Q

US Dairy Industry 2022

1- Total Milk Production

2- Number of cows

3- Milk per cow

4- Licenced dairy herds

5- Average herd size

A

1- 226,462 :total milk production

2- 9,402 :Number of cows

3- 24,087 :Milk per cow

4- 27,932 :Licenced dairy herds

5- 337 :Average herd size

35
Q

What state in the US is the top for milk/cow?

A

Michigan at 27,430 lbs of milk/cow

36
Q

What state in the US has the highest number of licenced herds?

A

Wisconsin at 6,350 herds licenced

37
Q

What state has the highest dairy receipts of states total farm receipts?

A

Vermont at 63%

38
Q

US dairy production:
Milk cows from 2014-2023:
1- What is the trend in terms of amount of cows?
2- What is the trend in terms of Million pounds?

A

1- There has been an overall increase of 1.3% over the past 10 year period.
2- There has been a 9.9% increase over the past 10-year period.

39
Q

US Dairy Production:
Despite a month-over-month increase approx 5,000 head from April 2024, the year-over-year change in cow numbers shows a decrease of ??? head for may 2024 compared to May 2023:

A

A decrease of 68,000 head for May 2024 compared to May 2023

40
Q

Slide 52- Lecture pp 2 :
Comparing US production Curve with IRE

A
41
Q

What does 4,000lbs =

A

11,000-12,000kgs

42
Q

List the top 3 countries selling dairy products to the US:

A

1- Ireland 702,355
2- New Zealand 696,258
3- Italy 593,507
(2023 imports in thousands of dollars)

43
Q

List the top 3 countries that are buying US Dairy Products:

A

1- Mexico 2,317,077
2- Canada 1,082,276
3- China 607,679
(2023 exports in thousands of dollars)

44
Q

What are the challenges in the US in 2024 for dairy production?

A
  • High input costs challenge US Dairy producers despite strong 2024 demand and rising prices
  • Milk supply slowly tighten through the first half of 2024
45
Q

What was the story in the US in 2023 for dairy production?

A

Milk price fluctuations and increased raw material costs.

46
Q

What was the story in the US in 2022 for dairy production?

A

-US milk supply grew for the first time in 2022, milk supply globally was one of the key measures for milk price pressure and new Zealand and the US were key players.

-Feed costs were dairy farmers greatest challenge in 2022

47
Q

What were the challenges in the US in 2021 for dairy production?

A

Dairy Cow numbers climbed with the national dairy herds comprised of about 9.505 million milk cows.

48
Q

What were the challenges in Ireland in 2020 for dairy production?

A

-Irish Dairy farmers criticised attack by arrogant environmentalists.

-Farmers demand minister for agriculture appointed immediately as Taoiseach takes up role.
(all newspaper headlines)

49
Q

What were the challenges in the US in 2018 for dairy production?

A

-US milk production was on an upward trajectory

-Wisconsin lost more than 300 dairy farms

-People in the dairy industry were nervous about Trumps trade agenda

50
Q

How many hectares in NZ are dairy land?

A

1.730 million hectares

51
Q

What % of the worlds milk does NZ produce?

A

3%

52
Q

Where does NZ stand in the producing of milk in the world?

A

7th largest producer in the world

53
Q

How many farm employees in NZ ?

A

46,000 employees

54
Q

Who has the worlds highest level of dairy self sufficiency?

A

NZ

55
Q

What % of NZ dairy sales are represented in the world trade in dairy products ?

A

40%

56
Q

How much of NZ dairy production is exported ?

A

95% of NZ dairy production is exported to 140+ markets

57
Q

List 6 markets that NZ export to?

A

China
Australia
US
United Arab Emirates
Japan

58
Q

How much are NZ annual exports ?

A

NZ $19 billion - Biggest export earner

59
Q

What are the top 5 dairy export products that NZ produce?

A

Whole milk power
Butter
Cheese
Infant Formula
Skim milk power

60
Q

NZ Dairy State 2022/23:

How many Litres of milk were produces, is this an increase or decrease compared to previous years?

A

-20.7 billion litres of milk

-Containing 1.87 billion kilograms of milk solids

-An increase of 0.3% in milk solids from 2021/2022

61
Q

How many cows are in NZ, is this an increase or decrease on previous years?

A
  • 4.67 million cows
  • An decrease of 3.46% which is continuing to decline in recent years
62
Q

How many dairy herds are in NZ, is this an increase or decrease on previous years?

A
  • 10,601 dairy herds in NZ

-A decrease of 195 fewer than previous season (2021/22)

63
Q

What’s the average herd size in NZ, is this an increase or decrease on previous years?

A
  • 441 average herd size in NZ.

-Down by 8 from 2021/22

64
Q

What similarities does Ireland have to NZ?
List 4:

A

1- Temperate climate

2- Grass focused system

3- Export focused industry

4- Low input low output system

65
Q

Where has the majority of dairy cows in NZ?

A

-The north Island has 57.4% of dairy cows in NZ.

-The south island has 42.6% of dairy cows in NZ.

66
Q

In NZ when is:

1: Spring-

2: Summer-

3: Autumn-

4: Winter-

A

1- Sept-Nov

2- Dec-Feb

3- March- May

4- June- August

67
Q

When is the lactation curve in NZ?

A

June- August

68
Q

What is the milk payment system like in NZ?

A

A + B +- C system

69
Q

List the 3 dairy cow breeds that dominate in NZ:

A

1- Holstein Friesian
2- Jersey
3- Holstein- Friesian/Jersey crossbreed

70
Q

Name the most prevalent breed category in NZ and what % does it make up?

A

Holstein-Friesian x Jersey
59.9%

71
Q

What region in NZ continues to have the highest % of Holstein cows and what % is it?
What region has the second largest amount of Holsteins?

A

The Hawkes at 35.6%

Northland/Auckland at 30.5%

72
Q

What region has the highest proportion of jerseys and at what %?

A

West coast/ Nelson/ Marlborough
13%

73
Q

What region has the highest proportion of Holstein-Friesian x jersey crossbreeds and at what %?

A

Marlborough/Canterbury
66.5%

Dairy Production (4 decks)

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