Lecture 2

Question 1

Primary Data Collection

Answer 1

• Direct/Personal Interview
• Indirect/Questionnaire Method
• Focus Group
• Experiment
• Observations

Question 2

Key Design Principles of a Good Questionnaire

Answer 2

• Keep it short and simple
• Decide on the type of questions
• Write the questions properly
• Order the questions appropriately
• Avoid questions that prompt or motivate the participant to say what you want to hear
• Write an introductory letter
• Write special instructions
• Translate the questions if necessary
• Pre-test the questions

Question 3

Limitations of Experimental Method

Answer 3

• Ethical, legal, and moral concerns
• Unrealistic Controlled Environment
• Inability to Control Variables

Question 4

Secondary Data Collection

Answer 4

• Published reports in newspapers and periodicals
• Financial Data in annual reports
• Records maintained by the institution
• Internal reports of the government departments
• Information from official publications
• Records of hospitals and health institutions

Question 5

Types of Observational Studies

Answer 5

• Cross-sectional Study
• Case-control Study
• Cohort Study

Question 6

Types of Experimental Studies

Answer 6

• Completely Randomized Design
• Matched-Pair Design
• Randomized Block Design

Question 7

Steps in Designing an Experiment

Answer 7

• Identify the problem to be solved
• Determine the factors that affect the response variable
• Determine the number of experimental units
• Conduct the experiment
• Test the claim

Question 8

A person, object, or item upon which treatment is applied

Answer 8

Experimental Unit

Question 9

Experimental unit as a person; analogous to individual in survey

Answer 9

Subject

Question 10

Serves as a baseline treatment for comparison to other treatments

Answer 10

Control Group

Question 11

A controlled independent variable manipulated by the experimenter

Answer 11

Factor

Question 12

The focus of a question in a study or experiment

Answer 12

Response Variable

Question 13

Non-disclosure of the treatment an experimental unit is receiving

Answer 13

Blinding

Question 14

Also called sampling error; the range in which the true value of the population is estimated to be

Answer 14

Level of Precision

Question 15

Statistical measure of the number of times out of 100 that results can be expected to be within a specified range

Answer 15

Level of Confidence