Lecture 1 Flashcards
Other brances of Applied Statistics
- PSYCHOMETRICS
- ECONOMETRICS
- ENVIRONMETRICS
- CHEMOMETRICS
- ASTROSTATISTICS
Limitation of Statistics
- Not suitable to study qualitative phenomena
- Does not study individuals
- Statistical laws are not exact
- Statistics tables may be misused
- Only one of the methods for problem solving
Process of Statistics
- Identify the research objective
- Collect the information needed based on the objectives
- Summarize and organize the information collected
- Draw conclusion from the information
Importance of Data
- Empowers you to make informed decisions
- Helps you to identify problems
- Allows you to develop accurate theories
- Will backup your arguments
- Helps you get your hands on funding
- Increases your return on assets
- Improves quality of life
Consequences of Improper Data Collection
- Inability to answer research questions accurately
- Inability to repeat and validate study
- Distorted findings and wasted resources
- Misleading other researchers to pursue fruitless avenues of research
- Compromising decisions for public policy
- Causing harm to human participants and animal subjects
Steps in Data Gathering
- Set the objectives for collecting data
- Determine the data needed based on the set objectives
- Determine the method and define the comprehensive data collection points
- Design data gathering forms
- Collect data
Is the set of all entities under study
Universal Set
What is Universal Set?
The set of all entities under study
The total or entire group of individuals or observations from which information is desired by a researcher
Population
What is Population?
The total or entire group of individuals or observations from which information is desired by a researcher
A person or object that is a member of the population being studied
Individual
What is an Individual?
A person or object that is a member of the population being studied
Observed sets of measurements that are subsets of a corresponding population from which they arise
Sample
What are Samples?
Observed sets of measurements that are subsets of a corresponding population from which they arise
A characteristic or attribute of persons or objects which assume different values for different objects under consideration
Variables
What are Variables?
A characteristic or attribute of persons or objects which assume different values for different objects under consideration
