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BIO 224 > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

General (wrong) definition of an animal

A

Non-Human

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2
Q

Biological definition of an animal

A

Belonging to the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa

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3
Q

Animalis meaning

A

Having breath/soul

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4
Q

Diversity and number of species

A

There are a lot of different animals

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5
Q

Diverse species are thanks to

A

Evolution

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6
Q

Diverse habitats are thanks to

A

environmental changes

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7
Q

Diverse characteristics are a result of

A

adaptation

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8
Q

Species habitats and characteristics

A

Interact and influence each other

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9
Q

Coevolution

A

Things that evolve together

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10
Q

All taxa evolved from what

A

A single common ancestor

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11
Q

LUCA

A

Last universal common ancestor

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12
Q

Taxa

A

any group that have similar aspects

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13
Q

Phyla

A

Taxonomic category above class and below kingdom

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14
Q

Number of recognized phyla

A

35

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15
Q

Clade

A

Groups of phyla
Monophyletic group with a common ancestor

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16
Q

How are phyla categorized?

A

Into clades based on shared characteristics

17
Q

All animals share the earth which means

A

They have the same basic resources available (energy, oxygen, etc)

18
Q

Monophyletic

A

A unique group of animals (phyla)

19
Q

Lower clades branched more recently than higher clades

A

False, lower clades are more ancient

20
Q

Earlier branches on the phyletic tree indicate

A

Bigger differences between groups

21
Q

What is the first characteristic of an animal?

A

A multicellular eukaryote that lacks a cell wall

22
Q

What is the second characteristic of an animal?

A

Heterotroph (eats other things for energy)

23
Q

What is the third characteristic of an animal?

A

Motile for at least some time in their lives

24
Q

What is the fourth characteristic of an animal?

A

Reproduces sexually (most) or asexually

25
Q

What is the fifth characteristic of an animal?

A

Most have nerves and muscles (movement)

26
Q

Precambrian era

A

700 mya
When multicellular eukaryotes started appearing

27
Q

What did multicellular eukaryotes evolve from?

A

A flagellated protist

28
Q

How did Multicellular eukaryotes arise?

A

Colonies formed that started specialization of tissues

29
Q

What is a flagellated protist?

A

A colonial unicellular ancestor of eukaryotes

30
Q

What did specialization and layering change in flagellated protists?

A

They were the first steps in becoming multicellular eukaryotes

31
Q

Change in shape of multicellular colonies lead to

A

Internalization of functions

32
Q

Choanoflagellates

A

Cone shaped cells with a flagella

33
Q

Importance of Choanoflagellates

A

Similar to sponge cells (choanocytes) showing evolutionary link

34
Q

Does evolution mirror development?

A

Yes, evidence of LUCA

BIO 224 (5 decks)

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