Lecture 2 Flashcards
Nerves that connect directly from the base of the brain with various motor and sensory structures
Cranial Nerves
These spinal nerves receive sensory input from the body (touch, pain, temperature, kinesthetic information)
Dorsal
These spinal nerves carry motor commands to the muscles
Ventral
What is a key difference between the Somatic nervous system and the Autonomic nervous system?
voluntary control versus involuntary
The four F response of the sympathetic nervous system
fight, fright, flight, fornication
Lobe whose function consists of decision making and motor control
Frontal Lobe
Lobe whose function consists of sensorimotor associations
Parietal Lobe
Lobe whose function is vision
Occipital
Lobe whose function is vision, audition and memory
Temporal Lobe
Component of the nervous system that comprises the brain and the spinal cord
Central Nervous System
Component of the nervous system that consists of the nerves that innervate our muscles and internal organs
Peripheral Nervous System
Nerves that connect directly with the spinal cord
Spinal Nerves
Organ of the body that consists of a pair of cerebral hemispheres connected by a band of fibers called the corpus collosum
Brain
This basic white man was responsible for phrenology, establishing the cortex as the site for higher education, grey and white matter
Franz Gall
The theory that the size of lumps on the skull were caused by the development of the underlying cortex, used to compare skulls of lunatics and criminals to the eminent and accomplished
Phrenology
This man is responsible for studying stroke patients and established that an area of the left frontal was necessary for the production of language
Paul Broca
Area of the brain known as the “little brain”, responsible for motor control
Cerebellum
A groove or furrow, especially one on the surface of the brain
Sulcus
A ridge between two clefts on the cerebral surface in the brain
Gyrus
In the brain consist of the cell bodies of the neurons and is where the brains computations occur
Gray Matter
In the brain consists of the “wires” connecting the neurons together, these are insulates with fat
White Matter
This man identified 52 distinct regions in the human brain based on anatomical features rather than functional
Korbinian Brodmann
Used to reveal how neurons are organized in the hippocampus
Golgi Stain
Used to stain neuronal cell bodies
Nissl Stain
Used golgi stain to postulate the neuron doctrine
Cajal
Although neurons come very close to one another there are tiny gaps that keep them separate as individual cells
Neuron Doctrine
Technique that allows us to visualize individual neurons throughout the brain by removing lipid around cells while using hydrogel to support cell components making the brain transparent
Clarity
Visualization of brain wiring by staining injected into region of an animals brain, neurons transport the stain along their length, and animal is euthanized while brain is sectioned to display the wiring
Tract Tracing
In tract tracing when the tracer is taken up by the cell body and transported to terminals
Anterograde Labeling
In tract tracing when the tracer is taken up by terminals and transported to cell bodies
Retrograde Labelling
Visualization of wires technique that aims to map out every conection in the brain, currently only performed on C. Elegan worms
Connectomics
