Lecture 2 Flashcards
Bioprocess Design Flow
Target Molecule Development –> Bioprocess Development (Cell Cultivation -> Purification -> Formulation) –> Application
Questions to be answered by Design
- Requiered raw materials and ulitilies for single batch
- size of equipment
- total capital investment
- optimum batch size
- required time
…
DEFINITION Bioprozess design
conceptual work done prior to b uilding, expanding or retrofitting a prozess plant. TWO main activities
1. PROCESS SYTHESIS arrangement of unti operations (process steps) to produce desired product at accaptable costa nd quality
2. PROCESS ANALYSIS evaluation and comparison of different process synthesis solution
Investment Cost in Industry?
3.3 - 6.2 Million$/m^3
DEFINITION Process Synthesis
Development of a flow sheet for the recovery and purification of a biological product
What does an optimal process control require?
orthologe techniques!
Rule of Thumps
- Remove the largest quantity first
- exploit physical characteristics with the greatest difference between product and impurities
- use different separation bases in successive steps
- keep it as simple as possible
General classification
- Recovery and solid-liquid separation
- capture, isolate, concentrate
- Purification
- Polishing
What to keep in mind for the product classification
- Scope of application (3 triangles, from no contact to living organism to intake into human bloodstream)
- Side requirements (budget, location, space, time)
- Production system (intra- extracellular, pretreatment, modification, …)
- Product Class (molecular characteristics, …)
Steps of recovery of intracellular products?
- Cell harvesting
a. removal of extracellular liquids (centrifuge, filtration) - Cell disruption (break open host cell and release intra product)
a. high pressure homogenizis (large capacity)
b. beat mill - Removal of cell debris (depents on size and solubility of product)
a. soluble (centrifugal, microfiltration)
b. in-soluble (1. seperate, 2. dissolve, 3. refold)
Step for recovery of extracellular product
- Removal of biomass (types: disk stack(light MO), rotary vacuum filtration(mycalial), membrane filtration(low weight), floatation(algea))
intermediat Recovery for soluble and in-soluble
soluble –> concentrate –> purify
in-soluble –> dissolve and erfold –> concentrate –> purify
Types of techniques to concentrate
- Ultrafiltration (protein concentration)
- reverse osmosis (low molecular weight
- evaporation (low and high molecular weight)
- precipitation (blodd protein, citric acid)
- distillation (low molecuule weight and alkohle)
Steps to renaturate inclusion bodies
- dissolve by strong chaotrope (zB urea)
- refold after diafiltration of chaotropes, dilution or chomatography, folding (thiol, high temp)
- dilution to minimize molecule interaction
Differance chaotrope and kosmotrope
chaotrope: lower hydrophobic effect (disrupes water water interaction)
kosmotrope: higher hydrophobic effect (stronger water water interaction)
