LECTURE 2

Question 1

Regarding DNA replication, DNA replication begins at the __________ site and ends at a specific site called the ___________. Fill in the blanks.

Answer 1

(A) Replication Origin
(B) Terminus

Question 2

Regarding DNA replication, What is the main function of something within the polymerase class of enzymes?

Answer 2

Placing nucleotides.

Question 3

Regarding DNA replication, which statement accurately describes the function of (a) DNA polymerase I, (b) DNA polymerase II, or (c) DNA polymerase III?

Answer 3

DNA polymerase I is only used with primers being the very first amount of nucleotides -DNA polymerase II only repairs -DNA polymerase III synthesizes DNA (very crucial)

Question 4

Regarding DNA replication, what is a primer?

Answer 4

a short stretch of DNA or RNA nucleotides hydrogen bonded to its competitor strand

Question 5

Regarding DNA replication, what happens if no primer is present?

Answer 5

There will be no process.

Question 6

Regarding DNA replication, what is the main function of a nuclease?

Answer 6

Remove any incorrect nucleotides, and have partnership with any other DNA fixer

Question 7

Regarding DNA replication, what is the difference between an endonuclease and an exonuclease?

Answer 7

A endo fixes internal DNA problems, while exon fixes external DNA problems

Question 8

Regarding DNA replication, which statement accurately describes a (a) difference or (b) similarity between the leading and lagging strands of DNA templates?

Answer 8

Leading strands are continuous, while lagging is not. A similarity is that the direction in which the enzyme will work will be the same.

Question 9

The site of the opening of the DNA strand where active replication occurs (and other enzymatic activities) is called the _____________. Fill in the blank.

Answer 9

Replication Fork

Question 10

Regarding DNA replication, which statement accurately describes the function of (a) helicase, (b) primase, (c) DNA gyrase, or (d) DNA ligase?

Answer 10

Helicase: unzips the double helix Primase: creates primers Gyrase: relieves torque and zips up DNA Ligase: joining DNA segments and DNA repair

Question 11

Regarding DNA replication, what is the definition or function (i.e. why is it needed) of a single-stranded binding protein?

Answer 11

Does not let DNA disintegrate. It protects it from disintegrating the center portion of opened up DNA.

Question 12

There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the initiation stage (only as discussed in class)?

Answer 12

Prepping the stage, proteins and enzymes needed to start the process, the second fork opens.

Question 13

There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the elongation stage (only as discussed in class)?

Answer 13

Putting on nucleotides, grows and replicates, the ACTUAL replication movement

Question 14

There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the initiation stage (only as discussed in class)?

Answer 14

Prepping the stage, proteins and enzymes needed to start the process, the second fork opens.

Question 15

There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the termination stage (only as discussed in class)?

Answer 15

DNA gyrase is done and reaches termination site

Question 16

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication (know the chart on PPT Chapter 14 Slide 21)?

Answer 16

Eukaryotic cells have more chromosomes, thus replicating more and have more complex machinery.

Question 17

What is a similarity between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication?

Answer 17

Both are semiconservative.