Lecture 2 Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis relies on regulatory mechanisms to ensure that controlled variables do not move too far from the set-point which is “normal”.
Define Feedback
When the controlled variable moves too far from the set-point responses from the body attempt to move the variable back to “normal”
Define Feedforward
Usually when there is an anticipation of an event that will alter a controlled variable, so you many do something to minimise the effect.
(ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY - TERMS OF DIRECTION)
What is Anterior/Ventral?
Towards the front of the body
What is Posterior/Dorsal?
Towards the back of the body
Superior
Close to the top of head
e.g. Nose is superior to my chin
Inferior
Close to the soles of feet
e.g. Chin is inferior to my nose
Medial
Anything close to the midline of the body
e.g. The hip is medial to the forearm
Lateral
Anything further away from the midline
Proximal
Comparing 1 limb, closer to the limb where it attaches
e.g. Shoulder is proximal to my elbow because it is closer to where the attachment is
Distal
Comparing 1 limb , Something is further away to the limb where it attaches.
e.g my wrist is distal to my elbow
(LOOKING INSIDE THE BODY)
Define deep
further from the surface of the body
Define superficial
Closer to the surface of the body
Division of body - PLANES
What is Coronal?
Divides the body into front and back sections
e.g. Bread
What is Sagittal?
Divides the body into left and right pieces
e.g. Hotdog
What is Transverse?
Divides the body into top and bottom
e.g. Bagel
Movement of the body - PLANES
Movement of sagittal
Back and Forwards movements
Movements of Coronal
Side to side movements
Movement of Transverse
Rotating movements
ANGULAR MOVEMENTS
What is Flexion?
Decreasing angle and fleshy parts of limb are brought closer together
What is Extension?
Increasing angle
Dorsiflextion
Toes brought up towards face
Planterflexion
Toes pointing towards ground
Circumlocution
- Combination of 4 movements
- Flexion / abduction / extension / adduction
- No rotation (important)
Cir
Circumlocution
- Combination of 4 movements
- Flexion / abduction / extension / adduction
- No rotation (important)
