Lecture 2

Question 1

Tibia

Answer 1

Principal weight bearing bone of lower leg

Medial Malleous

Question 2

Fibula

Answer 2

Long thin bone, lateral to tibia,
Primarily for muscle attachment
Lateral malleolus

Question 3

Talus

Answer 3

Rests on calcaneus
Main weight bearing bone of ankle joint
Talar dome

Question 4

Calcaneus

Answer 4

Heel bone

Largest tarsal bone

Question 5

Talocrural joint

Answer 5

Synovial (joint capsule surrounded)
Hinge (flexion/extension)
Eversion and inversion is a result of subtalar joint between talus and calcaneus.

Question 6

Mortise and tenon

Answer 6

Mortise is the top (Tibia )
Tenon is the bottom (Talus)
Very stable

Question 7

Tibia & fibular

Answer 7

Syndesmosis.
AITFL + PITFL
Interosseus membrane . Hold tibia and fibular together.

Question 8

Talus

Answer 8

Wider anteriorly

More stable in dorsiflexion

Question 9

Ankle muscle anterior

Answer 9

Tibilais anterior
EHL EDL
Dorsiflexsion, in/eversion

Question 10

Ankle muscle posterior

Answer 10

Gastrocnemius and soleus

plantar flexion

Question 11

Posterior medial

Answer 11

Tibialis posterior (inversion / plantar flexion 
FHL FDL

Question 12

Laterally

Answer 12

Peroneus longus, brevi, tertius

Eversion

Question 13

Tibialias anterior

Answer 13

Dorsiflextion + slight inversion

Question 14

EDL

Answer 14

Toe 2- 5

Dorsiflextion / eversion

Question 15

EHL

Answer 15

1st toe

Dorsiflextion + slight inversion

Question 16

Gastrocnemius

Answer 16

Plantar flexion + flexion of knee

Question 17

Soleus

Answer 17

Plantar flexion of ankle

Question 18

FDL 2-5

Plantar flexion +weak inversion

Answer 18

2-5

Plantar flexion + weak inversion

Question 19

FHL

Answer 19

1st toe flexion

Plantar flexion + weak inversion

Question 20

Tibialis posterior

Answer 20

Inversion and plantar flexion

Question 21

Peroneus longus

Answer 21

Eversion

Plantar flexion

Question 22

Peroneus brevis

Answer 22

Eversion

Plantar flexion

Question 23

Plantar flexion =

Answer 23

Gastrocnemius 
Soleus 
FDL
FHL
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis 
Plantaris 
Tibialis posterior

Question 24

Dorsiflexion

Answer 24

Tibialis anterior

EDL EHL

Question 25

Inversion

Answer 25

Tibialis posterior FDL FHL

Question 26

Eversion

Answer 26

Peroneus longus Peronus Brevis EDL

Question 27

Proprioception

Answer 27

Sense of body positioning without the aid of vision

Question 28

Kinaethesia

Answer 28

Awareness of position and movement of body parts using proprioceptive sensory organs

Question 29

3 basic types of proprioceptor neurons in vertebrates

Answer 29

Muscle spindle : found in skeletal muscle fibres Golgi tendon organs: interface of muscle and tendons Joint receptors : found in joint capsule surrounding synovial joints

Question 30

Ankle assessments

Answer 30

``` History of current injury Past injury Compare injured vs non injured Observation ROM Ligament test Functional tests Palpation ```

Question 31

Tendinopathy (anything involving tendon )

Answer 31

Tendonitis, tendinosis Tenosynovitis

Question 32

Strain vs sprain

Answer 32

``` Strain = muscle tendon Sprain = ligaments ```

Question 33

Ottawa ankle rules

Answer 33

Pain over distal over 6cm inferior or posterior pole of med/lat malleolus Cant bear weight cant walk properly

Question 34

Ankle rehab

Answer 34

``` ROM Strengthening Balance /proprioception Running progression Return to sports ```