Lecture 2 Flashcards
1
Q
each is an individual type of atom
A
element
2
Q
nucleus contains
A
- protons and neutrons
- most of the atomic mass
3
Q
located outside the nucleus
A
electrons
4
Q
charge of protons
A
+1
5
Q
charge of neutrons
A
0
6
Q
charge of electrons
A
-1
7
Q
for an atom to be electrically neutral
A
number of protons have to equal number of electrons
8
Q
ions:
A
atoms or molecules with a net positive or negative charge
9
Q
some atoms tend to
A
lose or gain electrons
10
Q
ionic bonds:
A
an electrostatic attraction between opp. charged ions
11
Q
covalent bonds:
A
occur when atoms share electrons
12
Q
carbon can participate in how many covalent bonds
A
4
13
Q
the two types of covalent bonds
A
nonpolar and polar
14
Q
what determines if a covalent bond is polar or nonpolar
A
electronegativity
15
Q
electronegativity:
A
- describes how strongly an atom attracts electrons
- varies from atom to atom
