Lecture 18: Skin structure and function Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 layers of skin called?

A

Epidermis (outermost layer)
Dermis
Hypodermis (innermost layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What makes up the hypodermis?

A

Mainly adipose tissue

Loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give some functions of the hypodermis.

A
Provide energy store (generate heat)
Muscle insulator
Shock absorber
Connects skin to muscle and bone
Make hormones (leptin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which layers of the skin contribute to skin wrinkling and hypothermia?

A

Hypodermis

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does the hypodermis differ between men and women?

A

Men’s hypodermis is thickest in abdomen and shoulders.

Women’s hypodermis is thickest in hips, thighs and buttocks.

However, both sexes have thick hypodermis in palms of hands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What other name is given to the dermis?

A

Corium

epidermis + dermis = cutis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 structures of the dermis?

A

Papillary
Reticular
Dermal papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give the functions of the middle layer of skin.

A

Dermis…

contains hairs + sweat glands (thermoregulation)
Sensory structures (touch)
Structure to the skin (body shape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does “Come Let’s Get Sun Burnt” mean in terms of skin?

A

These are the 5 different layers of the epidermis.

  • Stratum Corneum
  • Stratum Lucidum
  • Stratum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the structure of the epidermis.

A

Can have 4 layers (thin skin- without Stratum Lucidum) or 5 layers (thick skin)

Held laterally by adherens junctions
Held basal-apically by desmosomes
Avascular
Some terminal nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give 3 functions of the skin.

A
Prevent pathogen entry
Thermoregulation
Water-proof lipid layer barrier
Keratin syn.
Prevents underlying tissue from abrasion
Sensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is the stratum corneum’s structure related to its function?

A

Made up of dead squames so that they can protect the underlying tissue from abrasion.
Keratin tends to be thicker on palms and soles of feet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is the stratum lucidum’s structure related to its function?

A

This is a subunit of the stratum corneum where keratinisation occurs. SL contributes to the thickening of skin only on the palms and soles of feet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the stratum granulosum’s structure.

A

A line of stratified squamous epithelium consisting of lamellar granules and tonofibrils.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are tonofibrils and what do they contribute to the stratum granulosum?

A

They are bundles of keratin filaments and keratohyalin granules from the lamellar bodies. Their function is to secrete lipids to make the epidermis a water-proof barrier.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the stratum spinosum.

A

Cuboidal epithelium in 3 layers which are held laterally by desmosomes