Lecture 17: Mitosis

Question 1

how do unicellular prokaryotes divide?

Answer 1

through binary fission

Question 2

how do unicellular eukaryotes divide?

Answer 2

longitudinal cell division

Question 3

in humans the genome contains how many chromosomes?

Answer 3

23 chromosomes

Question 4

genome

Answer 4

entire collection of genes characteristic of a particular species

Question 5

haploid

Answer 5

cell with one set of chromosomes (1n)

Question 6

diploid

Answer 6

cell containing 2 sets of chromosomes, one from each parent (2n)

Question 7

polyploid

Answer 7

cell containing more than 2 sets of chromosomes

Question 8

sperm and ovum cells together make

Answer 8

gamete cells

Question 9

2n cells are called

Answer 9

somatic cells

Question 10

purposes of cell division

Answer 10

normal: reproduction, repairing aged cells, wound healing
abnormal: tumors/cancer, keloids

Question 11

mitosis does what?

Answer 11

passes genome from one parent cell and makes 2 identical daughter cells

Question 12

Cell Division Cycle steps

Answer 12

1. interphase (G1, S, G2)
   - mitosis
2. prophase
3. prometaphase
4. metaphase
5. anaphase
6. telophase
   - cytokinesis

Question 13

G0 phase

Answer 13

resting phase, no cell division

Question 14

interphase

Answer 14

G1 (growth), S(DNA replication), G2 (growth)

Question 15

prophase

Answer 15

Chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms

Question 16

metaphase (m for middle)

Answer 16

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell – metaphase plate

Question 17

anaphase ( A for apart)

Answer 17

• The paired chromosomes (sister chromatids) separate and begin moving to opposite ends (poles) of the cell.
• Spindle fibers not connected to chromatids lengthen and elongate the cell.

Question 18

Telophase

Answer 18

the final phase of cell division, nucleus reforms

Question 19

cytokinesis

Answer 19

Division of the cytoplasm during cell division (divides into 2)