Lecture 16 and 17 Flashcards
Boyle’s law states that
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume. Air will move to lower pressure space
Sternocoastalmuscles are…
Synovial except for the first = cartilagenous
Costochondrial joints are
Cartilagenous
Interchondral joints are
Synovial
Which of the thoracic joints are not synvoial joints?
costochondral and the 1st of the sternocoastal
The costotransverse joint is between the
Rib and transverse process of vertebrae
The costovertebral is bewtween the
Rib and body of the vertebrae
The primary inspiratory muscles are the…
Diaphragm and intercoastals
The diaphragm is made up of a sheet of
Skeletal muscle
Diaphragm separates the _____ from the _____
Thorax, abdomen
The diaphragm is
A. Dome-shaped when relaxed
B. Dome-shaped when contracted
A
The external intercostals ____the ribcage and ____ cavity
lift, expand
Inspiration can be _____ or ______
Quiet, forced
During normal expiration, the diaphragm ____ and the external intercostals ____
Relax, relax
During active expiration, the internal intercostals ____ and the accessory muscles ____ to further decrease cavity volume
contract, contract
What helps the lungs to stick to the thoracic wall?
The pleura
Lungs ____ during inspiration and ____during expiration
Expand, decrease
Where is visceral pleura found?
On the lungs
Where is parietal pleura found?
On the thoracic wall
Explain what the muscles are doing during inspiration
The diaphragm and external intercostals contract. Accessory muscles contract for forced breathing
Explain what the muscles are doing during expiration
The diaphragm relaxes. intercostals and accessory muscles contract for forced breathing.
What are the two opposing forces that must be overcome to take a breath
- Stiffness of the lungs
2. Resistance of the airways to the lungs outside to the alveoli
What is surfactant produced by?
Alveolar type 2 pneumocytes
Tidal volume (Vt) measures…
The volume of air moved in and out during normal quiet breath
