Lecture 16: Americanization and the Navy

Question 1

What is Benevolent Assimilation?

Answer 1

Americanization

Question 2

What civic holidays were added to Guam’s calenders?

Answer 2

Thanksgiving, Washington’s Birthday, Flag Day, Navy Day, Memorial Day

Question 3

What were Chamorro females outfit changes?

Answer 3

1910: Mestiza law (No mestiza)
1934: Fair Queens

Question 4

What was farming like on Guam?

Answer 4

• Subsistence farming/Chenchule vs. Cash Crop
  farming
• 1913, Guam Public Market
• 1930s, Boys and Girls Clubs

Question 5

Was the farming population above 50% in 1920s to 1940s?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What were the top veggie and fruit crops of Guam?

Answer 6

• Top Veg. Crops: Corn, sweet potatoes, taro
• Top Fruit Crops: Coconuts (for copra), bananas,
  pineapples, coffee

Question 7

What was the US belief for Chamorros when learning language and education?

Answer 7

Take any opportunity for Chamorros to learn how to read, write and speak English, thereby improving their own mental condition.

Question 8

What were some ways that Chamorros learned how to speak English?

Answer 8

Playing sports (Baseball)
Pageants
Parades
Fairs
Schools (English only): ages 8 - 12, gendered curriculum

Question 9

Who were some Chamorro teachers?

Answer 9

Maria Arceo Ulloa (1898-1968)
Agueda Iglesias Johnston (1892-1977)

Question 10

What is the Guam Institute?

Answer 10

The first non Navy owned school of Guam.
Taught Chamorros from elementary ages to high school ages.

Question 11

What were the hospitals on Guam?

Answer 11

*Maria Schroeder Hospital
* Susana Hospital: “To Save the Little People” (Susan Dyer)

Question 12

What is an example of nurses of Guam?

Answer 12

Midwives (Pattera) vs. Native Nurses