Lecture 14 Flashcards
Genome editing technologies primarily target changes in:
DNA
Which statement about genome editing is correct?
It enables scientists to alter physical traits and disease risk by modifying DNA.
The “molecular scissors” analogy for genome editing tools refers to their ability to:
Cut DNA precisely at a targeted location.
Once the DNA is cut by an editing tool, scientists can:
Remove, add, or replace the DNA sequence at the cut site.
In the context of disease risk, genome editing could potentially:
Alter genes that predispose individuals to certain conditions.
A key requirement for gene editing is to induce a double-stranded break in DNA in order to:
Activate repair mechanisms for DNA double-strand breaks
Which of the following gene-editing tools involves the Cas (CRISPR-associated) system?
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)
Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and TALENs share this primary mechanism:
Cutting DNA to generate double-stranded breaks
After a double-stranded break is introduced, the cell primarily uses:
Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR)
TALENs (Transcription activator-like effector nucleases) are characterized by:
Customizable DNA-binding domains that target specific sequences for cleavage
Which gene editing approach uses an RNA-guided nuclease to create a double-stranded break?
CRISPR/Cas9
Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) in gene editing often results in:
Insertions or deletions (indels) at the cleavage site
Homology-directed repair (HDR) differs from NHEJ because it:
Uses a homologous DNA template to precisely repair or modify the break site
Which statement best characterizes nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ)?
It is an error-prone mechanism that can introduce small insertions or deletions.
Homologous recombination (HR) is typically considered:
High-fidelity repair that relies on a homologous template.
