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Pharm Exam 2 > Lecture 14-16 - Scrogin - Adrenergics (Antagonists) > Flashcards

Lecture 14-16 - Scrogin - Adrenergics (Antagonists) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 categories of adrenergic beta antagonists?

A

Non-selective, cardioselective (beta-1), partial agonist

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2
Q

What are the 3 non-selective beta blockers?

A

Propanolol, nadolol, timolol

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3
Q

What are the indications of non-selective beta blockers?

A

Hypertension, angina, glaucoma, heart failure, arrhythmia

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action for non-selective beta blockers in relation to receptors?

A

Beta-1 = dec HR, dec force of contractility, dec renin release…get reduced vasoconstriction

Beta-2 = inc peripheral resistance

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5
Q

What are the indications for the non-selective beta blockers?

A

HTN, Angina, HF, Arrhythmia, Glaucoma (timolol)

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6
Q

What are the side effects of the non-selective beta blockers?

A

Get bronchiole constriction in people with asthma/COPD…bronchospasm

Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia

CNS effects include insomnia and depression

Can raise TAGS

Bradycardia

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7
Q

What are contraindications for non-selective beta-blockers?

A

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Sinus brady
Heart block
Cardiogenic shock

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8
Q

What are the cardioselective beta blockers and what receptor do they bind?

A

Beta-1 blockers
Metoprolol
Atenolol
Esmolol

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9
Q

What are the indications for the cardioselective beta blockers and which specific drugs are used for each?

A

Metoprolol = HTN and Angina

Atenolol = MI and HTN and Angina

Esmolol = Arrhythmia and Supraventricular Tachy

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10
Q

Does esmolol last long?

A

It has a very short half life

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11
Q

What are the effects of cardioselective beta blockers?

A

They give the same effects on the cardiovascular system as non-selective

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12
Q

What are the side effects of cardioselective beta blockers?

A

Depression
Insomnia
HYPOtension
Bradycardia

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13
Q

What are the contraindications for cardioselective beta blockers?

A

Heart block

Cardiogenic shock

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14
Q

Does metoprolol cross the BBB?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Does atenolol cross the BBB?

A

No

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16
Q

Name the partial adrenergic agonist

A

Pindolol

17
Q

On what receptors does pindolol have activity

A

Beta-1 and Beta-2

18
Q

What is the indication for pindolol?

A

HTN due to high sympathetic output

19
Q

What is a benefit of pindolol?

A

As a partial agonist, it will have less bradycardic effect

20
Q

When would you use pindolol?

A

For patients who can’t tolerate brady or decreased exercise capacity that’s seen with other beta blockers

21
Q

What are the effects of pindolol?

A

It has the same cardio effects as non-selective beta blockers (dec bp/contractility/renin release/symp activation)

22
Q

What are the side effects for pindolol?

A

They are the same as non-selective (ex: brady)

23
Q

What are the contraindications for pindolol?

A

Same as non-selective…sinus brady, 2nd/3rd degree heart block, cardiogenic shock

24
Q

What are the two non-selective alpha antagonists?

A

Phenoxybenzamine

Phentolamine

25
Q

Which non-selective alpha antagonist is reversible? irreversible?

A

reversible = phentolamine

irreversible = phenoxybenzamine

26
Q

What are the indications of the non-selective alpha antagonists?

A

Peri-operative treatment of pheochromocytoma

Dermal Necrosis

27
Q

What are the cardio effects of the non-selective alpha antagonists?

A

inhibition of vasoconstriction
increased inotropy and chronotropy due to alpha-2 presynaptic blockade

reflex inc of NE release

unmasks vasodilatory effect of epi

28
Q

What are the 3 side effects of the non-selective alpha antagonists?

A

Prolonged HYPOtension
Reflex Tachy
Nasal Congestion

29
Q

What are 3 alpha-1 blockers?

A

Prazosin
Doxazosin
Terazosin

30
Q

What are the indications for the alpha-1 blockers? Which drugs for each?

A

HTN (prazosin)

HTN and benign prostatic hyperplasia (doxazosin and terazosin)

31
Q

What are the side effects of the alpha-1 blockers?

A

Syncope

Orthostatic hypotension (get dizzy when you stand up)

Pharm Exam 2 (7 decks)

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