Lecture 13 - Introduction to circulatory system

Question 1

Six main functions of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

1. Supplies oxygen to tissues
2. Supplies nutrients to tissues
3. Removes C02 and other waste
4. Controls temperature
5. Communication and short term regulation
6. Regulation of endocrine system

Question 2

What comprises the circulatory system?

Answer 2

Heart, lungs, blood vessels.

Question 3

Three subsections of circulatory system?

Answer 3

Coronary (heart), pulmonary (lungs), systemic

Question 4

What is the heart (mechanics)?

Answer 4

Three layered fibre-reinforced structure with multiple fibre orientations. Highly dynamic.

Question 5

What are the arteries (mechanics)?

Answer 5

Multilayered thick walled structures with a combination of linear and nonlinear viscoelastic elements.
Combination of passive and active elements.

Question 6

What are the veins (mechanics)?

Answer 6

Mainly passive multilayered structures, easily collapsible.

Question 7

What are the capillaries (mechanics)?

Answer 7

Thin walled dynamic structures with predominantly active elements.

Question 8

Flow properties in cardiovascular system?

Answer 8

Flow velocity 0.01 - 0.5 m/s

Reynolds number 0.001 - 4500

Pulsatile and highly unsteady flow

Non-newtonian (shear-thinning)

Question 9

Describe blood and its components.

Answer 9

A suspension of 40-50% by volume of small deformable bodies

Mainly red blood cells - highly flexible disc shaped cells

Suspended in colourless fluid - plasma

Main components: plasma, rbc, wbc, platelets

Carrier for 02, c02, waste, nutrients, hormones

Question 10

Circulation related diseases?

Answer 10

Arteriosclerosis, vasculitis, raynauds, aneurisms