Lecture 13 - geography of fertility Flashcards
Define fecundity
Physiological capability of a woman to produce a live birth
Define fertility
Number of live births achieved by a woman
How can number of live births be collected?
Registration systems, census questions and surveys
What is cohort fertility?
Number of children born to women in a certain cohort over their lifetime
How is completed fertility measured?
Retrospectively through surveys/questionnaires. It is the average number of children born by a cohort of women by the end of their reproductive years
What is the parity progression ratio (PPR)?
The proportion of women with n children that will go on to have n+1 children
What is period fertility?
Number of children born within a specific time period, usually expressed per 1000 women alive in the middle of the period
How is period fertility measured?
Through vital registration
What is crude birth rate?
The ratio of live births over a period to the average population of that period. (births/popn) x 1000
What doesn’t CBR account for?
Differences in repro/non-repro popn
What is GFR?
General fertility rate
(births/women aged 15-49) x 1000
What is age specific fertility rate?
(Births to woman aged x/ popn of women aged x) x 1000
What are the 3 fertility trends seen?
Starting - change in age of where number of children peaks
Stopping - change in age where women have their last child
Spacing - even spacing of number of children through reproductive years
What is the total fertility rate?
Synthetic cohort measure. Period measure expressed as a cohort measure
It is the number of children born to a woman if she lived to the end of her child bearing years and had children at each age in accordance with the age-specific fertility rates of that population
