lecture 13 Anatomy study guide

Question 1

Define the common conventions used for naming muscles

Answer 1

1) a name descriptive of the shape or position of the muscle
2) a name descriptive of what the muscle does
3) a mix of descriptive of the action and shape or position.

Question 2

a name of a muscle thats desrciptive of the shape or position of the muslce

Answer 2

Teres ( round ) minor ( small )

Question 3

a name of a muscle descriptive of what the muscle does

Answer 3

flexor ( decreases the angle at the joint )

Question 4

3) a mix of descriptive of the action and shape or position of a muscle

Answer 4

superior ( position ) rectus ( action )- most superior muscles moving the eye

Question 5

Explain how muscle fascicle orientation affects muscle function and efficiency.

Answer 5

Fascicle arrangements determine what type of movement a muscle can make.

Question 6

List the types of fascicle arrangements and provide examples of a muscle that exhibits them.

Answer 6

-parallel: rectus abdominus
-circular: anal sphincter
-convergent: pectoralis major
- pennate: Rectus femorus
-fusiform: biceps brachii
-triangular: pectorals major

Question 7

Identify the 35 primary skeletal muscles covered in class and their functions.

Answer 7

( look up picture )

Question 8

Describe the different classes of levers in the musculoskeletal system.

Answer 8

First class- when the pivot is located between the effort and load.Second class-when the load is between the effort and pivot
Third class-when the effort is between the load and the pivot.

Question 9

example of first class lever

Answer 9

First class lever – the fulcrum is in the middle of the effort and the load. This type of lever is found in the neck when raising your head to head a football. The neck muscles provide the effort, the neck is the fulcrum, and the weight of the head is the load.

Question 10

example of second class lever

Answer 10

The human foot is an example of a second-class lever. In this lever system, the toes are the pivot, the weight of the person is the load, and the calf muscles are the effort. The calf muscle provides the force needed to lift the body upward at the toes.

Question 11

example of third class lever

Answer 11

For instance, the forearm, acts as a third-class lever. The biceps muscle, which originates from the scapula, inserts at the proximal part of the elbow.