Lecture 13

Question 1

Paul Ehrlich

Answer 1

along with Sahachiro Hata were researches helped found modern chemotherapy, particularly the theory of “receptors”

Question 2

Gerhard Domagk

Answer 2

investigated azo dyes as antibacterials, found that Prontosil, a red dye, cured mice injected with lethal numbers of streptococci (the first sulfa drug)

Question 3

Alexander Fleming

Answer 3

Penicillium mold destroyed staphylococci bacterial colonies, demonstrated activity against Gram positives but not Gram negatives (cholera, plague, others)

Question 4

Howard Florey

Answer 4

by 1940 isolated penicillin after discovering Fleming’s work

Question 5

Selman Waksman

Answer 5

isolated actinomycin, an antibiotic (toxic), also discovered streptomyces griseus, the first anti-TB drug, coined the term “antibiotics”

Question 6

Werner Forssmann

Answer 6

self catheterizes his own heart

Question 7

Andreas Gruentzig

Answer 7

percutaneous coronary intervention (coronary balloon angioplasty)

Question 8

Salvarsan

Answer 8

Preparation 606 - became a “specific” for syphilis, arsenic-based, quite toxic, required many injections (Paul Ehrlich and his assistant)

Question 9

Digitalis purpurea (foxglove)

Answer 9

for failing hearts first described by William Withering

Question 10

nitrates

Answer 10

vasodilating property, first used for angina in 1867

Question 11

James Black

Answer 11

developed beta blockers to block adrenergic effects on the heart