Lecture 13 & 14 Flashcards
Does water or land have a greater heat capacity
Water
Can solar radiation penetrate further into land or water, therefore spreading energy at a greater depth
Water
Is latent or sensible heat dominant for water
Latent
Is Q* larger over water or land?
Water- has a lower albedo
Effectiveness of QE and QS mean that Qh …
is small
During the day, is land or sea warmer?
Land
At night, is land or sea warmer?
Sea
What is the marine thermal characteristics similar to?
The soil temperature profile
What is the marine thermal characteristics similar to?
The soil temperature profile
Why is there no sea breeze in the morning?
Sun still rising, no temperature differences between land and water, so no pressure differences mean no circulation
What breeze develops during the day?
The sea breeze
What breeze develops at night?
The land breeze
What kind of conditions are conducive to SB-LB occurrence?
Strong thermal difference between land and sea
high SW radiation input (little clouds), weak synoptic scale winds
What kind of conditions are conducive to SB-LB occurrence?
Strong thermal difference between land and sea
high SW radiation input (little clouds), weak synoptic scale winds
Characteristics of sea breezes - temperate climates eg South Island
typical windspeeds of 2 to 5 ms-1
typical inland extent of 30-50 km
characteristics of sea breezes - tropical climates
> 300 km inland extent
the sea breeze front
associated with the development of cumulus cloud, may be sufficient uplift to lead to precipitation
direction of breeze
initially perpendicular, but influenced by Earth’s rotation / Coriolis force so may become parallel with coast by late afternoon
Implications of sea breezes
Relief from high temperatures, disperse pollution
Lake breeze cause
Land will warm faster than the lake during the day so onshore lake breezes may result
Generally, the active surface is elevated so that zero plane displacement =
d=2/3h
Does albedo of a stand decrease higher or lower in the canopy?
Decreases with height
Effects on SW radiation in vegetation
Albedo, shading, skyview factor
Effects on LW radiation in vegetation
the larger skyview factor, the more LW radiation is retained.
