Lecture 12 - Venous Thrombo-embolic Diseases Flashcards
1
Q
What is Venous Thrombo-embolic disease?
A
- Thrombus (blood clot forms in vein)
- DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)
- PE (Pulmonary Embolism)
2
Q
What is DVT?
A
*
3
Q
What is a PE?
A
4
Q
What is Virchow’s Triad?
A
- Triad of factors predisposed to venous thrombosis:
- Local trauma of vessel wall
- Hypercoagulability
- Stasis of blood flow
5
Q
What is the Two-Level PE Wells score?
A
- Risk of PE
- More than 4: PE likely
6
Q
If patient is PE likely what do you test?
A
- CTPA
7
Q
If patient is PE unlikely what do you test?
A
- D-dimer test
- Indicates a blood clot (but any bruise will raise it)
- If D-dimer is positive offer CTPA
8
Q
Treatment of PE?
A
- ABC, support measures
- Risk assess (bleeding risk,
- Offer low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
- Anticoagulation warfarin, NOAC or LMWH
9
Q
What is NOAC?
A
- Novel oral anticoagulants
10
Q
What is LMWH?
A
- Low molecular weight heparin
- Stimulate antithrombin which inhibits clotting factor Xa
11
Q
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12
Q
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13
Q
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14
Q
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15
Q
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