Lecture 12 +13 Flashcards
“new” growth- uncontrolled
Neoplasm
The study of neoplasms and neoplasia
Oncology
Any malignant neoplastic disease
Cancer
Any 3 dimensional swelling, lump, or bump
Tumor
Increase in the number of cells in response to a stimulus
Hyperplasia
Change in cell type- may become neoplastic; reversable
Metaplasia
Abnormal tissue development; not reversable
Dysplasia
Provides information about tissue architecture
Histology
Neoplasia that is locally confined abnormal growth that may compress local or adjacent structures but does not invade
Benign
Abnormally proliferating cells that are: locally invasive and undergo destructive growth
Malignant
Gets into the blood stream and travels to different places
Metastasizing
Metastasis may occur by 4 major routes: lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion, local invasion, and ______ _____
Direct transplantation
Cells that leave must be able to detach from the tumor/mass. Some tumors exfoliate well and some do not; first step of the metastatic cascade
Detachment
Entrance into vasculature/lymphatic system. Once tumor cells detach, they find a way to enter the blood or lymphatic circulation; second step of the metastatic cascade
Invasion
Tumors need to withstand the assault from the body’s immune system, especially in lymph nodes; third step of the metastatic cascade
Evasion of Host Defenses