Lecture 12

Question 1

positives of agriculture

Answer 1

raising income among poorest
2nd gen biomass as an energy source produced
above ground biomass can act as a carbon sink
accumulates carbon
food production

Question 2

agri sustainability issues

Answer 2

large environmental impact (methane)
need for food increasing
people undernourished
soil eroision
plastics use
fossil fuel use in food production
energy use

Question 3

methane in agri

Answer 3

emissions from rice production, livestock, manure
can be controlled by changing the composition of animal feed
gwp of methane about 30times that of CO2

Question 4

agroecology

Answer 4

an agricultural technique that minimizes the environmental impact of farming

Question 5

steps toward agroecology

Answer 5

reducing chemical fertilizers, pesticides, water
precise applications rather than uniform applications

Question 6

smart spray system

Answer 6

pesticide use control system (also called smart variable rate sprayer)
spreads pesticides where required
by identifying weeds and detecting disease

Question 7

precision agriculture

Answer 7

smart technologies to ensure that crops and soil recieve exactly what they need for optimal health and productivity in spatial and temporal domains
farm efficiently
produce more with less
farmers make more informed decisions
makes farmers job easier
reduces costs
reduces chemical runoff

Question 8

drones

Answer 8

capture high resolution images and provide real time data to farmers

Question 9

sensors

Answer 9

capture crop data and evaluate crop health

Question 10

precision machinery

Answer 10

uses data collection to identify the exact input needed for a crop or pesticide

Question 11

crop water requirement

Answer 11

water requirement for survival, growth, development, economic production
varies with time and spave
can be calculated

Question 12

penman-monteith/hargreaves

Answer 12

measurement of evapotranspiration for crop water requirement

Question 13

factors affecting CWR

Answer 13

crop factors (crop type, root length, growth stage)

weather factors (temperature, humidity, precipitation)

soil factors (structure, texture)

agronomic management factors (iririgation metho, frequency, efficiency, weeding)

Question 14

reducing agri GHG

Answer 14

increasing carbon sinks
increasing biomass energy production
reducing direct/indirect energy use

Question 15

Li-COR

Answer 15

gas analyser
used for soil and plant leaves

Question 16

lysimenter

Answer 16

measure evapotranspiration released by plants

Question 17

willow buffer goals

Answer 17

project funded by agriculture and agriculture food canada
aimed to improve nitrogen and phosphorus
increasing soil organic matter
reducing nutrient loss
reduce ghg emissions

Question 18

willow buffer positives

Answer 18

grow quickly (energy crop)
absorb excess nutrients
slow down runoff
enable soils water absoprtion
decrease pollutant in soil
serve as carbon sink

Question 19

agri-food waste valorization

Answer 19

reduce food loss and wste
convert farm wastes into high value produtcs
divert waste from landwill and save cost of disposal
organic residues and bio products as soil amendment and energy sources

Question 20

food ecofootprint

Answer 20

proportion of land and water needed to suppory someones overall food consumption
and reabsorb associated waste
2.7 global hectares need per person
only 2.1 available

Question 21

climate food paradox

Answer 21

rising food production speeds up climate change
climate change threatens food production

Question 22

reduce foodprint

Answer 22

in season?
how much water?
transportation distance?
wild or farmed?
grown inside/outside?
unnecessary packaging

Question 23

egg barn

Answer 23

heat recovery ventilator
thick insulation