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Medical Microbiology > Lecture 11 - Rickettsia, Chlamydia & Mycoplasma > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Rickettsia, Chlamydia & Mycoplasma Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How is Rickettsia spread?

A

Arthropod-spread, Humans are ‘accidental hosts’

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2
Q

What circumstances do Rickettsia need to survive?

A

They are obligate intracellular parasites

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3
Q

T or F, Rickettsia are small, stain poorly with gram stain and are gram negative coccobacilli

A

True

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4
Q

Why are Rickettsia obligate intracellular parasites?

A

They lack many of the enzymes required to produce amino acids and thus depend on host derived AA.

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5
Q

How is the bacteria spread and its mode of infection?

A

Infected tick, mite, louse or flea defecates as it eats its blood meal
Person itches the site which brings feces and bacteria in contact with wound
Bacteria enter blood stream and infects endothelial cells
Replicate slowly, affect adjacent endothelial cells, kil them and cause local blockage of blood flow (Rash)

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6
Q

What are symptoms of Rickettsia infection?

A

Fever, chills, rash and headache

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7
Q

What may occur in severe cases of Rickettsia infection?

A

Can cause vascular damage in multiple organs and tissues

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8
Q

Most of the symptoms of Rickettsia are due to what?

A

LPS flooding blood stream

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9
Q

What is the most common and important disease of Rickettsia

A

Typhus

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10
Q

Name the three different Typhus diseases

A
  1. Epidemic Typhus
  2. Endemic Typhus
  3. Scrub Typhus
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11
Q

What vectors are associated with each of the three typhus diseases?

A

Epidemic Typhus - Louse
Endemic Typhus - Flea
Scrub Typhus - Mite

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12
Q

Which of the three typhus diseases is unique and have humans as the reservoir?

A

Epidemic Typhus. We are reservoir or our clothes are.

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13
Q

R. prowazekii is associated with what disease?

A

Epidemic typhus

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14
Q

Which of these do Rickettsia have? LPS, Cell Wall

A

Both

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15
Q

What is the treatment for Epidemic Typhus

A

Sanitation and antibiotics

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16
Q

R. Rickettsii can cause what common disease?

A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

17
Q

Where are R. Rickettsii infections common?

A

SE state of U.S.

18
Q

Is Rickettsia local or systemic?

A

Systemic

19
Q

What circumstances do Chlamydia need to grow and be successful?

A

They are obligate intracellular parasites. They are energy parasites and steal ATP from host cell.

20
Q

Which of these does Chlamydia have? LPS, Cell Wall

A

No Cell Wall!!

2 lipid bilayers and LPS are present

21
Q

What are the 3 major species of Chlamydia

A

C. trachomatis
C. pneumoniae
C. psittaci

22
Q

Which of the three major species of chlamydia is a bird pathogen?

A

C. psittaci

23
Q

What two important respiratory infections does C. pneumoniae cause?

A

Bronchitis and Pneumonia

24
Q

What is the most common cause of infectious blindness?

A

Trachoma

25
Q

C. trachomatis has two important and serious disease. What are they?

A

Trachoma

STI

26
Q

Is C. trachomatis local or systemic

A

Local

27
Q

Trachoma is common in what age groups?

A

Children

28
Q

How is Trachoma transmitted?

A

Transmitted eye-to-eye by tears, hands and flies

29
Q

What is the treatment for Trachoma?

A

No vaccine, Prevention is good hygiene

30
Q

What is the most common bacterial STI in the U.S.

A

C. trachomatis

31
Q

What type of infection is C. pneumoniae?

A

community-acquired respiratory infection

32
Q

How is C. pneumoniae related to atherosclerosis?

A

Clear association but role is unclear. Thought that chlamydia directs cells to produce lipids at 5x the normal rate

33
Q

What bacteria is the smallest self-replicating organisms with smallest genomes?

A

Mycoplasma

34
Q

Which of these does Mycoplasma have? LPS, Cell Wall?

A

None, No Cell wall or LPS

35
Q

What is significant about the cell membrane on Mycoplasma?

A

Contains sterols. No LPS or Cell Wall

36
Q

What is the major cause of “walking pneumonia”?

A

M. pneumonia

37
Q

Does penicillin work for mycoplasma treatment?

A

No, No cell wall

38
Q

What sets M. pneumonia a part from Chlamydia and Rickettsia?

A

M. pneumonia is an Extracellular pathogen whereas the other two are obligate intracellular parasites

Medical Microbiology (17 decks)

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