Lecture 11: Reach and Throw

Question 1

What is the concept of “Degrees of Freedom?”

Answer 1

helps explain possible movements of the upper limb

Question 2

How many degrees of freedom does a rigid body require?

Answer 2

6

3 positions and 3 angles

Question 3

How many degrees of freedom to move the hand anywhere in space?

Answer 3

6

Question 4

How many degrees of freedom are in the upper limb?

Answer 4

7

Question 5

What are the 7 degrees of the upper limb?

Answer 5

1) Flex/Extend of scapula
2) Adduction/Abduction of scapula
3) Medial/Lateral scapula
4) Flex/extend of arm
5) Pronate/Supinate of arm
6) Ulnar/Radial Deviation of Hand
7) Flex/Extend of hand

Question 6

What is involved with overarm throwing?

Answer 6

Whip like movement

Question 7

Segments _____ at different times. Because of this, energy is transferred ______ segments

Answer 7

accelerate

between

Question 8

What is the Kinetic Chain?

Answer 8

Proximal to Distal chain of segment movements and energy transfer

Question 9

From lowest to highest velocity, rank the segments that accelerate at different times?

Answer 9

• Trunk
• Upper Arm
• Forearm
• Hand

Question 10

What are the 6 phases of Throwing?

Answer 10

1) Windup
2) Stride
3) Arm Cocking
4) Arm Acceleration
5) Arm Deceleration
6) Follow Through

Question 11

Kinetic chain involves the whole body ( from ____ to ____)

Answer 11

feet

fingers

Question 12

What is involved during Arm cocking?

Answer 12

Humerus is abducting, extending and externally rotating

Question 13

What is “Late Cocking?”

3

Answer 13

Foot is planted
Force is transferred to torso
Torso begins to rotate

Question 14

What is happening during the Arm Cocking Phase?

3

Answer 14

• Shoulder externally rotated
• Shoulder extended
• Elbow flexed

Question 15

What is happening during Acceleration Phase?

4

Answer 15

• Shoulder Internally rotated
• Shoulder flexed
• Elbow extended
• Wrist extended