Lecture 08: Running 01 Flashcards
What is “sprinting?”
- It is ANAEROBIC
- Less than 5-6 m/s
What is “endurance running?”
- It is AEROBIC
- Greater than 5-6 m/s
What is a “typical jog?”
3-4 m/s
What are the 6 traits of running?
- Aerial phase (in air)
- COG in front of hip (falling)
- Often no heel strike
- Knee flexed at foot strike, then extends
- Knee flexed even more during swing
- opposite arm swing
Walking is considered _____ leg while running is considered ______ leg.
Stiff; Compliant
Why is running different than walking
- Running has Mass spring
- Walking has Inverted Pendulum
Are humans good runners? Y/N
If not, what traits makes humans not as good as some animals
No
- Slow
- Awkward
- Inefficient
Humans are the only primate to run over long periods of distance.
T/F
True
What are the 3 adaptations of running for humans?
1) Energetics
2) Stabilization
3) Forced Reduction
How much energy return is due to the Achilles Tendon?
32%
With regards to the Plantar Arch:
1) Walking is ____ stabilization
2) Running is ______ stabilization
3) which of the two is a spring
1) Active
2) Passive
3) Running
What is involved with running in regards to the Plantar Arch?
1) Mid-foot strike
2) Toe Strike
During Running:
Foot ____ by almost 1 cm. Testing shows the level of _____ returns _____% of the energy
Deforms; Deformation; 80
Total: about ___% energy saving during running
50
The key to stabilization is______
Gluteus Maximus
What is “inertial load?”
force that resists change in speed and velocity
The Gluteus Maximus is MOSTLY used in walking.
T/F
False, it is BARELY used in walking
The Gluteus Maximus is VERY IMPORTANT in RUNNING and FORWARD bending.
T/F
True
With regards to the Gluteus Maximus:
1) What is the job of the trunk stabilizer?
2) What is the job of the ABductor?
1) Extensor
2) Lateral Rotator
When do humans normally switch to running from walking?
2.5 seconds
What is the Inverted Pendulum effect?
- COM above the pivot point
- It is unstable
- Will fall without additional help
What does Arm swing do?
Reduces angular motion of the body
balance rotational motion produced during walking
What is Impact Force?
- Force that delivers a shock or high impact in a relatively short period of time
- Occurs when two things collide
- Collision results in one object falling onto another object
Impact force depends on the:
Foot Strike
What is the Mass Spring Effect?
Allows for temporary storage and release of elastic energy within leg tendons of leg during compression
