Lecture 08: Running 01

Question 1

What is “sprinting?”

Answer 1

• It is ANAEROBIC

- Less than 5-6 m/s

Question 2

What is “endurance running?”

Answer 2

• It is AEROBIC

- Greater than 5-6 m/s

Question 3

What is a “typical jog?”

Answer 3

3-4 m/s

Question 4

What are the 6 traits of running?

Answer 4

• Aerial phase (in air)
• COG in front of hip (falling)
• Often no heel strike
• Knee flexed at foot strike, then extends
• Knee flexed even more during swing
• opposite arm swing

Question 5

Walking is considered _____ leg while running is considered ______ leg.

Answer 5

Stiff; Compliant

Question 6

Why is running different than walking

Answer 6

• Running has Mass spring

- Walking has Inverted Pendulum

Question 7

Are humans good runners? Y/N

If not, what traits makes humans not as good as some animals

Answer 7

No

• Slow
• Awkward
• Inefficient

Question 8

Humans are the only primate to run over long periods of distance.
T/F

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What are the 3 adaptations of running for humans?

Answer 9

1) Energetics
2) Stabilization
3) Forced Reduction

Question 10

How much energy return is due to the Achilles Tendon?

Answer 10

32%

Question 11

With regards to the Plantar Arch:

1) Walking is ____ stabilization
2) Running is ______ stabilization
3) which of the two is a spring

Answer 11

1) Active
2) Passive
3) Running

Question 12

What is involved with running in regards to the Plantar Arch?

Answer 12

1) Mid-foot strike

2) Toe Strike

Question 13

During Running:

Foot ____ by almost 1 cm. Testing shows the level of _____ returns _____% of the energy

Answer 13

Deforms; Deformation; 80

Question 14

Total: about ___% energy saving during running

Answer 14

50

Question 15

The key to stabilization is______

Answer 15

Gluteus Maximus

Question 16

What is “inertial load?”

Answer 16

force that resists change in speed and velocity

Question 17

The Gluteus Maximus is MOSTLY used in walking.

T/F

Answer 17

False, it is BARELY used in walking

Question 18

The Gluteus Maximus is VERY IMPORTANT in RUNNING and FORWARD bending.
T/F

Answer 18

True

Question 19

With regards to the Gluteus Maximus:

1) What is the job of the trunk stabilizer?
2) What is the job of the ABductor?

Answer 19

1) Extensor

2) Lateral Rotator

Question 20

When do humans normally switch to running from walking?

Answer 20

2.5 seconds

Question 21

What is the Inverted Pendulum effect?

Answer 21

• COM above the pivot point
• It is unstable
• Will fall without additional help

Question 22

What does Arm swing do?

Answer 22

Reduces angular motion of the body

balance rotational motion produced during walking

Question 23

What is Impact Force?

Answer 23

• Force that delivers a shock or high impact in a relatively short period of time
• Occurs when two things collide
• Collision results in one object falling onto another object

Question 24

Impact force depends on the:

Answer 24

Foot Strike

Question 25

What is the Mass Spring Effect?

Answer 25

Allows for temporary storage and release of elastic energy within leg tendons of leg during compression