Lecture 11 - coughing intro (specht) Flashcards
T/F: coughing is a symptom not a disease
true
important question for all patients that come in with coughing
on HW preventative?
if hear stridor think
upper resp dz
hear wheezes think
lower airway dz
goal of PE should be to try to differentiate between __ and __ causes
cardiac and respiratory
how can cardiac dz cause coughing
chamber enlargement putting pressure on an airway
congestion or pulmonary edema building up in airways
chamber enlargement sufficient to compress an airway is often associated with changes in blood flow and a __
audible murmur
T/F: A patient with cough and a murmur is enough to determine it is due to heart dz
false
if an animal is coughing because it is in heart failure it should be __
tachycardic
do cats in CHF cough?
rarely
__ is a high pitched, harsh, virbatory noise caused by partial upper airway obstruction (turbulent airflow)
stridor
__ is a continuous whistling sound caused by air moving through narrowed regions of hte airways (lower airway dz)
wheeze
__ may indicate bronchoconstriction or air trapping
end-expiratory grunt
__ discontinuous bubbling or popping sound heard on inspiration, as air passes through fluid in the lungs OR when the ffort of breathing in forces collapsed airway walls open
crackles/rales
cardiac or vascular causes of coughing
CHF
atrial enlargement
pulm hypertension
young animals are more likely to have
infectious tracheobronchitis
older animals are more likely to have
chronic ronchitis, neoplasia, and cardiac dz
older small breed dogs are more likely to have
collapsing airways
brachycephalic breeds are more likely to have
congenital lesions
cats normally don’t have cough except with cases of
allergic or parasitic airway dz
acute cough ddx
viral/bacterial infection
airway FB
CHF
aspiration pneumonia
chronic cough ddx
chronic bronchitis allergic bronchitis collaspsing airways LA enlargement fungal pneumonia
__ should be done on all patients presenting for chronic cough
fecal
common parasites that cause coughing: osleri, eucoleus, paragonimus, dirofilaria
cats with chronic cough should be tested for
FeLV/FIV
HWT
30% of FIV positive cats are co infected with __
toxoplasma gondii
intrathoracic tracheal collapse is more noticable on __ rads and expiraotry tracheal collapse is more noticable on __ rads
expiratory
inspiratory
bronchoscopy can be used to facilitate the collection of samples from the __
lower resp tract
BAL can be used to evaluate dz affecting the __
small airways and alveoli
regardless of the technique used for tracheal wash or BAL, transient __ results
hypoxemia
tx o2 therapy +/- PPV for 10-15mins
crackles may be present hours after BAL and not concern if other resp parameters are WNL
