Lecture 11 Flashcards
What does the force profile of a normal foot look like (when stationary)?
- Most pressure on the heel and also the forefoot (especially medially)
- Very little to no contact in the Medial mid Foot
- Little contact at the lateral midfoot
What are the names of the foot models? (5 answers)
- Milwaukee foot model
- Heidelberg foot measurement method
- IOR foot model
- Amsterdam Foot Model
- Oxford Foot Model ***(UKBB)
What are the parts of the foot called (standard system)?
- Hindfoot (starts at the heel)
- Midfoot
- Forefoot
How is a foot motion modelled during gait (UKBB): dynamic?
Use Oxford foot model along with a navicular bone marker
What are the parts of the foot in the Oxford Foot Model?
- Hindfoot
- Forefoot
- Hallux**
How is the position for the Hallux determined (Oxford model)?
D1M - HLX
What is the Navicular height (drop) method?
It involves putting a marker on the navicular to see how the arch of the foot changes between sitting and standing (unloaded and loaded foot scenarios)
What is the benefit of the navicular height (drop) & what can influence the test?
- Serves as quick clinical tool for assessment of midfoot mobility
- Evaluates function of the medial longitudinal arch
- Influenced by foot length and sex
- Age has no significant effect
What is pedobarography?
It shows the distribution of pressure acting between the plantar surface of the foot and a supporting surface (e.g. the ground or a pressure/force plate)
Provides the plantar pressure profile during gait
Why is foot placement important in gait?
When the foot is placed incorrectly, it starts a chain reaction in the body where the body tries to compensate in multiple ways
Which side does “caus feet (hollow feet)” affect more?
Left foot more than the right
How is the Sagittal Vertical Axis (SVA) determined?
The horizontal distance between the BODY OF THE C7 vertebrae to the POSTEROSUPERIOR CORNER OF S1
In the case of scoliosis, why is placing markers directly on the spine inaccurate?
It is difficult to actually place them accurately. Scoliosis does not just concern the “S” shape of the spine, the vertebrae themselves are also rotated
What is the spinal protocol at the UKBB?
- Start with static spinal position during standing
- Measure spinal range of motion (in standing):
- Flexion-extension (sagittal plane)
- Lateroflexion left and right (frontal)
- Rotation left & right (transversal)
- Spinal motion during gait?
