lecture 11

Question 1

non volatile memory –> loss of power =

Answer 1

no loss of data

Question 2

volatile memory –> loss of power =

Answer 2

loss of data

Question 3

volatile memory is

Answer 3

registers and cache (CPU)
main memory (real or physical)

Question 4

what do all volatile memory types have?

Answer 4

read/write operations

Question 5

CPU =

Answer 5

central processing unit

Question 6

what body part is the CPU like?

Answer 6

brain of the computer

Question 7

parts of the CPU

Answer 7

CU
ALU
registers
control unit
cache
i/o bus
clock

Question 8

what does the i/o bus do?

Answer 8

allows read/write data onto the bus

CPU is able to exchange data with main memory, secondary storage, graphic card, etc bc of this

Question 9

what does the controller permit for the RAM, SDD, graphic card, etc?

Answer 9

controller component allows them to communicate with the CPU and exchange data

Question 10

does the CPU have a controller?

Answer 10

yes, allows the CPU to communicate (send/receive data) with other hardware components

Question 11

what is the BUS?

Answer 11

the BUS facilitates exchange of data between all components in the computing system –> physical connections ONLY (copper wire)

Question 12

word size of BUS (bit size)

Answer 12

of copper wires = bit size of BUS

Question 13

how many components can read from the bus at the same time?

Answer 13

however many

Question 14

how many components can write on the bus at the same time?

Answer 14

one only can write data on the bus

Question 15

4 general types of memory used in computing system:

Answer 15

1. registers
2. cache
3. main memory (RAM)
4. secondary storage

Question 16

what is at the top of the memory hierarchy

Answer 16

cpu registers –> smallest, fastest costliest storage device

Question 17

what is at the bottom of the memory hierarchy?

Answer 17

remote secondary storage (cloud storage) –> largest, slowest, cheapest memory

Question 18

what is at the middle of the memory hierarchy?

Answer 18

3 levels of the cache, main memory, local secondary storage (magnetic disks or solid state disks)

Question 19

RAM =

Answer 19

random access memory

Question 20

2 types of ram:

Answer 20

1. SRAM –> static RAM
   - registers and cache
   - D Flip-flop tech
2. DRAM –> dynamic RAM
   - transistor tech
   - main memory

Question 21

2 types of local secondary storage:

Answer 21

1. magnetic disk storage (HDD)
   - electro-magnetic disk –>
   magnetic disk with tracks
2. solid state storage (SSD)
   - flash memory (NOR and NAND,
   non-volatile)
   - not magnetic, no mechanical
   parts that move or spin
   - laptops, phones, etc

Question 22

32-bit architecture –> how many bytes is 1 word?

Answer 22

4 bytes

Question 23

64-bit architecture –> how many bytes is 1 word?

Answer 23

8 bytes

Question 24

how many bytes can 1 physical address hold?

Answer 24

1 byte (8 bits)

Question 25

main memory total amount =

Answer 25

of physical address locations * 1 byte

Question 26

number of unique physical address locations =

Answer 26

2^# of physical address bytes

Question 27

is word sized fixed?

Answer 27

yes it is fixed and determined by architecture

Question 28

if the BUS is 32-bits, is everything else 32 bits?

Answer 28

yes bc it improves efficiency and system performance