Lecture 1

Question 1

\n

Answer 1

newline

Question 2

include <stdio.h></stdio.h>

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”);
return 0;
}
what does #include <stdio.h> mean?</stdio.h>

Answer 2

it adds the standard input/output functionality to program (header file)

Question 3

include <stdio.h></stdio.h>

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”);
return 0;
}
what is int argc?

Answer 3

integer argument for main( )

Question 4

include <stdio.h></stdio.h>

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”);
return 0;
}
what is char** argv?

Answer 4

char pointer (string array) argument for main( )

Question 5

include <stdio.h></stdio.h>

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”);
return 0;
}
what does \n mean?

Answer 5

new line

Question 6

include <stdio.h></stdio.h>

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”);
return 0;
}
what does return 0 mean?

Answer 6

returns 0 when main is done executing, 0 here means the program ran and executed normally

Question 7

what does GCC stand for?

Answer 7

GNU Compiler Collection

Question 8

What is gcc?

Answer 8

software program/compiler
ex) you use gcc file.c -o file to compile program in terminal

Question 9

gcc first.c -o first
what does -o first make?

Answer 9

executable object file named “first”

Question 10

printf(“%s\n”, “Hello World”);

what does the input/output do here with the format specifier and string?

Answer 10

it puts “Hello World” into %s to satisfy the string format specifier, goes to standard out then prints “Hello World”

Question 11

how to declare a variable?

Answer 11

data type variable name;

Question 12

how to declare a variable with initialization?

Answer 12

data type variable name = value;

Question 13

should you initialize or not initialize when declaring a variable?

Answer 13

initialize, the value assigned if you don’t initialize will not be 0 every time –> it will be assigned to whatever is left in memory

Question 14

what are the name restrictions for variables?

Answer 14

reserved words (for, malloc, etc), cannot exceed 31 characters
cannot start with a digit

Question 15

what is allowed for the names of variables?

Answer 15

can contain letters, digits, and underscores
ex) _brent

Question 16

is case significant with naming variables?

Answer 16

yes, the variable Molly and molly are not the same

Question 17

arithmetic operations

Answer 17

+, -, *, /, %, ++, –

Question 18

relational operations

Answer 18

==, !=, >, <, >=, <=

Question 19

logical operations

Answer 19

&&, ||, !

Question 20

bitwise operations

Answer 20

&, |, ^, ~, «,&raquo_space;

Question 21

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
int d = 0;
scanf(“%d\n”, d);
printf(“d = %d\n”, d);
return 0;
}
what does scanf( ) do?

Answer 21

scanf( ) reads characters from terminal, its the keyboard (stdin)
- waits for user at that point in the program to type value in the terminal and hit return (same as scanner in java)
**input

Question 22

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
int d = 0;
scanf(“%d\n”, d);
printf(“d = %d\n”, d);
return 0;
}
what does printf(“d = %d\n”, d) do?

Answer 22

printf( ) displays the output to the screen,
for “d” –> takes whatever int is available and puts into the format specifier (“%d”)
**output

Question 23

what is a library function that writes things to to the console?

Answer 23

printf()
*output

Question 24

what is a library function that gets input/reads what the user puts in the terminal?

Answer 24

scanf()
*input

Question 25

order of precedence

Answer 25

1) parenthesis
2) multiplication, division, modulus
3) addition, subtraction

Question 26

what if there are multiple operations that have the same precedence?

Answer 26

operate left to right

Question 27

post fix

Answer 27

a++
use a in the expression then increment

Question 28

pre fix

Answer 28

++a
increment a then use in expression

Question 29

basic for loop syntax

Answer 29

for (int i = 0; boolean_expression; increment) {
}
ex) for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
…
}

Question 30

basic while loop syntax

Answer 30

while (boolean_expression) {
//executes if boolean_expression is
true
}

Question 31

basic do loop syntax

Answer 31

do {
//execute if boolean_expression is
true
//if false, never executes while loop
} while (boolean_expression) {
//if the boolean_expression^ is
true, loops back through
starting at do
}

Question 32

is it better to nest or not nest for looping statements?

Answer 32

don’t nest, use compound statements instead

Question 33

basic branching statement syntax (if and else)

Answer 33

if (boolean_expression) {
//code here executes if
boolean_expression is true
} else {
//code here executes if
boolean_expression is false
}

Question 34

basic branching statement syntax (if, else if, else)

Answer 34

if (boolean_expression) {
//code here executes if
boolean_expression is true
} else if (boolean_expression2) {
//code here executes if
boolean_expression is false and
boolean_expression2 is true
} else {
//code here executes if none of
the above are true
}

Question 35

is it better to nest or not nest for branching statements?

Answer 35

don’t nest, better to use compound statements

Question 36

1 byte =

Answer 36

8 bits

Question 37

what is malloc equivalent to in java?

Answer 37

new
both allocate space in memory for “new variable”