Lecture 10b: Primary and Secondary Processing Flashcards
1
Q
PRIMARY PROCESSING
A
- conversion of raw far produce to marketable forms
2
Q
GENERAL PROCEDURES OF PRIMARY PROCESSING
A
- extraction
- drying
- fermentation
3
Q
EXTRACTION OF PRIMARY PRODUCTS
A
- threshing
- shelling
- decortication
- retting
- tuxying
- hagutan method
- ginning
- wet method
- dry method
- hulling
4
Q
THRESHING
A
extract grains from:
1. straw (rice and wheat)
2. hay (mungbean)
3. black pepper
5
Q
SHELLING
A
extract:
1. corn kernel from cob
2. seeds from pods of legumes
3. coconut kernel from shell
6
Q
DECORTICATION
A
- extract fiber using machine
- crush wood and strips of fibers from bark
- e.g. jute, ramie, abaca
7
Q
RETTING
A
- extract fiber by soaking the stalks in water to loosen bark
- facilitate removal of non-fibrous tissues
- e.g. jute, ramie
8
Q
TUXYING
A
- extract fiber from abaca leaf sheath
- uses tumbling bolo or tuxy knives
9
Q
HAGUTAN METHOD
A
- manual extraction of abaca fibers from tuxy
10
Q
GINNING
A
- separate cotton fibers (lint) from cotton seed
11
Q
WET METHOD
A
- coffee processing
- ripe berries are depulped then dried
- produce parchment coffee
12
Q
DRY METHOD
A
- coffee processing
- strip-harvested berries are immediately dried
- produce dried berries
13
Q
HULLING
A
- remove hulls from dried berries or parchment coffee
- produce green coffee beans
14
Q
PRODUCTS OF EXTRACTION IN PRIMARY PROCESSING
A
- copra
- white pepper
- black pepper
15
Q
COPRA
A
- dried kernel from mature coconut