Lecture 10.8 Venous thrombosis and thromboembolism.

Question 1

True or false? Thrombosis can happen in any vessel.

Answer 1

True. Mostly in veins, though.

Question 2

How is a thrombus different from a clot? What are its defining features?

Answer 2

Thrombi usually have alternating layers of red and white, depicting platelets and erythrocytes with fibrin.

Question 3

What is factor V leiden?

Answer 3

Genetic disease whereby there is a point mutation that prevents activation of protein C, a natural anticoagulant from binding to cleavage.

Question 4

What is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 4

An autosomal recessive disease prominent in about 1 in 2500 births. Chloride channel blocked, results in mucous production.

Question 5

True or false? Blue yellow colour blindness is autosomal dominant.

Answer 5

True. Red green is X-linked recessive.

Question 6

True or false? Prothrombin 3 deficiency or Protein C or S deficiency can lead to hypercoagulability.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

What are the 4 fates of venous thrombi?

Answer 7

Lysis.

Organisation: Replacement of thrombus by scar tissue.

Recanalisation: New blood vessels sprout into thrombus to establish new vascular channels, restoring blood flow.

Embolism, possibly causing an infarct somewhere else.

Question 8

Can pulmonary infarcts be caused by big thromboembolus?

Answer 8

No. Only small ones are able to get to a segment of lung. Results in red infarct, not pale. Presents with chest pain, tachycardia, haemoptysis.