Lecture 10 Memory 2 Amnesia Memory systems by content

Question 1

perceptual learning

Answer 1

recognizing broken drawing

broken drawing

• least complete to most complete
• 1 hr later re-test
• HM 4 months later still better

evidence of preservation of nondeclarative memory in amnesic patients

Question 2

amnesics’ spared learning abilities

Answer 2

stimulus-response learning –> conditioned eyeblink response

motor learning –> mirror tracing; with practice, HM became proficient at mirror drawing

preserved at: perceptual learning, stimulus-response association, motor learning etc.

Question 3

a

Answer 3

a

Question 4

double dissociation

Answer 4

episodic memory, conditioned emotional response

two systems, A and B, are affected differently by two experimental manipulations x and y

• E.g., (in serial position curve) Delaying recall with a verbal activity (e.g., counting back by 3) impairs short-‐term memory for the most recently presented words, without affecting long-‐term memory for the other words. In contrast, speeding up presentation pace impairs long-‐term memory for the early and middle series of words, without affecting short-‐term memory for the most recently presented words.
• E.g., (in emotional learning) Damage to the hippocampus impairs the patient’s ability to explicitly recall the fear-‐inducing stimuli, without affecting their emotional response. However, damage to the amygdala affects the patient’s emotional response, without affecting their ability to recall the fear-‐inducing stimuli

Question 5

declarative memory

Answer 5

explicitly available to conscious recollection as facts, events, specific stimuli; sometimes referred to as explicit memory –> test could be to recall words

Question 6

nondeclarative memory

Answer 6

instances of perceptual, stimulus-response, motor learning that we are not necessarily conscious of; sometimes referred to as implicit memory –> test could be stem-completion

Question 7

episodic memory

Answer 7

collections of perceptions of events organized in time and identified by a particular context

e.g., When did you first hear of Eric Kaler?

Question 8

semantic memory

Answer 8

facts, do not include info about the context in which the facts were learned; lateral temporal lobe is important for storing this type of info

e.g., Who is the president of the University of Minnesota?