lecture 10 glycolysis Flashcards
hexokinase reaction and what it does energetically
Traps Glucose in the Cell and Begins Glycolysis. phosphorylates any glucose that enters cell to create glucose-6-phosphate. ATP–> ADP
Phosphofructokinase (PFK) reaction
fructose 6-phosphate -> fruc 1,6 bisphosphate. turns ATP into ADP. part of stage 1 of glycolysis
pyruvate kinase reaction
last step of glycolysis. phosphoenolpyruvate –> pyruvate, generates 4 ATP’s as each of the ADP’s get phosphorylated
hexokinase phosphorylates glucose at what position?
c6
hexokinase is an example of ___ coupling
enzymatic
how does the hexokinase enzyme work?
brings both substrates together in the active site so that OH faces the gamma ATP and then wraps around them so tightly that no water molecule can get through
why would it be bad if water got into the active site?
premature hydrolyzing of atp before we can obtain our energy from it
is phosphofructokinase reaction reversible or irreversible
irreversible
what step in glycolysis involves NAD+
1,3 BPG
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate has a greater _____ than ATP, and thus can be used to power the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi
phosphoryl transfer potential
___ is material in the first step that involves ATP formation
1,3 BPG
metabolic coupling
happens on subsequent enzymes rather than same enzymes- pulls reaction forward through its negative delta G or le chat’s principle
how can you regenerate NAD+ to keep glycolysis going?
NAD+ can be regenerated by further oxidation of pyruvate to CO2, or by the formation of ethanol or lactate from pyruvate.
fermentation is a means of oxidizing __
NADH
The conversion of glucose into 2 molecules of lactate is called
lactic acid fermentation.