Lecture 10: AOS

Question 1

what is (and isn’t) AOS?

Answer 1

a phonetic-motoric speech disorder characterized by impaired motor planning; it is not a language impairment or disorder of muscle tone

Question 2

AOS is characterized by ___ errors (2)

Answer 2

articulation and prosodic errors

Question 3

AOS sound errors are often “___ sound substitutions” which may be perceived as sound substitutions, as in ___

Answer 3

distorted; phonemic paraphasias

Question 4

prosodic abnormalities, and to some degree sound distortions, are due to ___

Answer 4

extended transitions between sound, syllables, and words

Question 5

aprosodic, intersegmental (extended transition) errors often result in ___

Answer 5

a syllable segregation during speech

Question 6

list three traditional criteria for AOS that may confuse it with a conduction aphasia

Answer 6

visible articulatory groping; inconsistency of articulation errors (location and type); sequencing errors

Question 7

list five bxs that are inconsistent with an aphasia but are seen in AOS

Answer 7

sound distortions or distorted sound substitutions; aprosodia; inability to speed rate and maintain sound and prosodic integrity; abnormal anticipatory coarticulation; slow rate of speech

Question 8

___ is commonly seen along with AOS but both can be seen in isolation

Answer 8

nonverbal oral apraxia

Question 9

AOS is often caused by damage to ___

Answer 9

premotor and supplementary motor cortex

Question 10

in a pure AOS, you will not observe ___ and ___

Answer 10

any significant abnormality of muscle tone; pathological-abnormal reflexes

Question 11

repeating a ___ (example) is commonly seen in individuals with significant nonverbal oral apraxia

Answer 11

command, e.g. “cough”

Question 12

how are ataxic dysarthria and AOS similar?

Answer 12

both may demonstrate a predominance of articulatory and prosodic abnormalities; and may have a normal oral motor exam

Question 13

speech AMRs are ___ in ataxic dysarthria but not AOS

Answer 13

irregular

Question 14

irregular articulation errors and ___ are more pervasive in ataxic dysarthria than ___

Answer 14

variable prosodic abnormalities; AOS

Question 15

___ is no better in ataxic dysarthria but may be better in AOS

Answer 15

automatic speech

Question 16

___ substitutions are much more common in AOS than in ___

Answer 16

“perceived” sound substitutions; ataxic dysarthria

Question 17

AOS and ___ commonly co-occur, usually with a ___

Answer 17

aphasia; nonfluent aphasia

Question 18

___ may mask an AOS

Answer 18

aphasia

Question 19

it is less likely that a(n) ___ will mask a significant ___ (since ___)

Answer 19

AOS; aphasia; there will also be auditory comprehension and reading-writing problems

Question 20

green glass -> gleen glass

Answer 20

phonemic anticipatory errors

Question 21

green glass -> green grass

Answer 21

phonemic perseverative errors

Question 22

green glass -> gleen grass

Answer 22

phonemic transposition errors

Question 23

pen -> ben

Answer 23

phonemic voicing errors

Question 24

man -> moan

Answer 24

phonemic vowel errors

Question 25

AOS etiology

Answer 25

vascular* : 49% :: degenerative : 25% :: traumatic : 15% :: left hem tumor and other : 10%

single left hemisphere stroke : 41%

Question 26

list five pertinent principals of AOS tx

Answer 26

intensive-repeated practice; controlled feedback and feedback delay intervals; pre practice (motivation, instructions, referents for correctness); control of variability; task hierarchies