Lecture 10 Aortic/Peripheral Vascular Disease

Question 1

In aortic dissection, there is a tear in the _____ with blood flowing through the _____

Answer 1

intima, media

Question 2

3 main risk factors of developing aortic dissection:

Answer 2

HTN, collagen disorders (ie marfan’s), pregnancy

Question 3

Classification of Aortic dissection:
Type 1 =
Type 2 =

Answer 3

type 1 ascending, arch, and descending aorta affected

type 2 = ascending only

Question 4

Classification of aortic dissection:
Type 3a =
Type 3b =

Answer 4

3a = descending aorta, but above diaphragm

3b = descending aorta and blow the diaphragm

Question 5

most common symptom of aortic dissection

Answer 5

rippping pain

Question 6

aortic _____ caused by aortic dissection may lead to cardiac _____

Answer 6

insufficiency, tamponade

Question 7

management of type 3a aortic dissection:

what about type b?

Answer 7

type 3a = surgery

3b = medical management initially, surgery if increasing pain/HTN

Question 8

abdominal aortic aneurysm is highly associated with aging and _______

Answer 8

atherosclerosis

Question 9

the classic location of AAA is below the _____ but above the _____

Answer 9

renal arteries, bifurcation

Question 10

Most AAA ruptures occur at widths greater than ____ cm

Answer 10

5

Question 11

the hallmark of an AAA on physical exam is what

Answer 11

pulsatile/expansive abdominal mass

Question 12

repair of AAA surgically can be ____, which is associated with better outcomes, or ____

Answer 12

endovascular, open

Question 13

what disease process causes peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

Answer 13

atherosclerosis

Question 14

PAD presentations include a _____ event, symptoms of _____ that get worse with exercise, or “my leg fell off”

Answer 14

thromboembolic, claudication

Question 15

Arterial vs venous insufficency–match symptom with type:

symptoms worsen with exercise:
elevation worsens symtpoms:

Answer 15

arterial;

arterial

Question 16

arterial vs venous insufficeincy:

normal pulses in lower extremity:
compression helps:

lack of oxygenated blood to tissue

Answer 16

venous;
venous;

arterial

Question 17

an ankle-brachial bp index less than ___ indicates significant PAD

Answer 17

0.7

Question 18

if claudication is mild, PAD should be treated with ____ and ____ therapy

Answer 18

anti-platelet, compression

Question 19

in venous insufficiency, what kind of veins of typically affected

Answer 19

superficial veins

Question 20

compared to muscular veins, superficial veins are more ____, less well ____, and lack ____ ____ from superficial tissue

Answer 20

fragile, developed; structural support

Question 21

hyperpigmentation may occur in chronic venous insufficiency due to sustained venous ____, which causes _____ in RBCs –>pigmentation due to _____

Answer 21

pressure, hemolysis;

hemosiderin

Question 22

eczematoid dermatitis may occur in venous issues due to inflammation typically adjacent to a _____ ____

Answer 22

bulbous tributary

Question 23

_____ _____ = inflammation and scarring leading to plaques of skin without pigment (pre-ulcerous)

Answer 23

atrophie blanche

Question 24

_____ ____ : red flare, precursor to stasis ulceration

Answer 24

corona phlebectatica

Question 25

_____ ____ = heavy inflammatory changes in the gaiter area due to vein reflux

Answer 25

stasis dermatitis

Question 26

____ aka ____ ____ = painful inflammatory lesion that is firm and contracted

Answer 26

lipodermatosclerosis aka sclerosing panniculitis

Question 27

_____ _____ = firm palpable cords over superficial varices with overlying inflammation

Answer 27

superficial thrombophlebitis

Question 28

____ _____ occurs in end stage venous disease

Answer 28

stasis ulceration

Question 29

____ is defined as an imbalance between clot formation and dissolution

Answer 29

thrombophilia