Lecture 10

Question 1

Name the

Plant

Answer 1

Avocado

Question 2

What does ergot cause

Answer 2

Poisonous due to myotoxins

Symptoms include

• Nervous
• Gangrenous

Question 3

Name the plant and how it affects ruminants

Answer 3

Sweet potato

Severe dyspnoea and oedema, pneumotoxic furanoterpenes, from eating moldy yubers, removal of moldy tubers results in recovers (contains toxic levels of nitrates)

Question 4

Name the plant and what it causes

Answer 4

Macadamia nut

Fresh rosted nuts produce joint pain and muscular weakness in dogs (unidentified toxin)

Question 5

Name the plant and its effect

Answer 5

Caustic vine

Cattle and sheep affected usually in dry season and sometimes after a fire when new shoot emerge. The soft stems are filled with milky white latex that is poisonous and caustic

Question 6

Name plant and what is causes

Answer 6

Madagascar periwinkle

The substances vinblastine and vincristine extracted from the plant are used in the treatment of leukemia

Causes incoordination, convulsions, diarrhoea, stomach craps

Question 7

Name the plant and what it causes

Answer 7

Cashew nut

Seed is surrounded by a double shell containing a dermatogenic phenolic resin, urushiol, a potent skin and throat irritant toxin to people and pigs

Question 8

Name the plant and what is causes

Answer 8

Brazillian pepper tree

Horses develop dermatitis from rubbing the tree, cattle develop enteritis from eating goliage, unripe fruit fatal to horses, birds intoxicated

Question 9

Name the plant and its effects

Answer 9

Pepper tree, peppercorn

Toxic to poultry, pigs, calves, humans. Urushiols and unknown toxins. Causes irritation of mucous membranes, gastro enteritis

Question 11

Name the plant and its effect

Answer 11

Stinging tree

Horses and humzn affected. Moroidin is theough to be partly responsible for intense local pain. Horses can be driven to frenzy by contact

Question 12

Name the plant and toxin

Answer 12

Giant milk weed

Cardiac glycoside

Question 13

Name the plant and effect

Answer 13

Golden Dew Drop

Causes gastro irritation, tetanic sieures

Question 14

Name the plant and the toxin

Answer 14

Caladium, Angel’s Wing

Calcium oxalate crystal

Question 15

Name the plant and what is causes

Answer 15

Wax flower

Unknown neurotoxin causes muslce tremors, ataxia

Question 16

Name the plant and the effect

Answer 16

Coral trees

Suspected of having narcotic effect on horses, flowers toxic to bees. Bat wing coral suspected of poisoning cattle in N Australia

Question 17

How does rye grass cause staggers

Answer 17

Seasonal problem of sheep, cattle and horse that feed on overgrazed ryegress pastures. A fungus (neotyphodium lolli) that grows between the plant cells of ryegrass produces a poison (Tremorgens (Lolitrems) that afftect the nervous system of stock

Question 18

How does rye crass cause facial eczema

Answer 18

The fungus Pithomyces chartarum grows in dead pasture litter the toxin Sporidesmin is a mycotoxin, concentrated in the spores of fungus

Facial eczema -2ndry photosensitiation affects sheep and cattle grazing rye grass with heavy litter and when environmental conditions suite the growth of the fungus (warm wet weather)

Question 19

What are Jacaranders toxic too

Answer 19

Fish - volatile oils

Question 20

What poisons are frangipani

Answer 20

Latex (causes dermatitis and bark is purgative)

Question 21

Name the plant and poison

Answer 21

Brazillian nightshade

Steroidal glycoalkaloids