Lecture 10 Flashcards
What was Athena promacho?
A colossal bronze statue of Athena sculpted by Pheidias
What is the Aegis?
A shield that is normally carried by Zeus but sometimes lent to Anthena
What temples were in the ACROPOLIS?
- Athena Parthenos
- Athena Polias
- Athena Promachos
- Athena Hygieia
- Athena Nike
Who are Hades’ parents?
Kronos and Rhea
Hades was the ruler of what?
The dead
What are the Epithets of Hades?
▪ Eater of Corpses
▪ Chthonian Zeus
▪ Receiver of many
▪ Swallower of hosts
Is Hades the embodiment of Satan?
No
In cult what is preferred Hades or Pluto?
Pluto
What are the benevolent aspects of Hades/ Pluto
▪ Euboleus
▪ Eukles
What is Euboleus mean?
Good counselor
What does Eukles mean?
Good reputation
What are the iconography of Hades?
▪ Older, bearded ▪ Staff/sceptre ▪ Phiale (libation bowl) ▪ Cypress tree ▪ Cerberus
What is Phiale?
A shallow Greek bowl usually made with a boss in the center and used in ancient times for drinking or pouring libations
Who are Demeter’s parents?
Kronos and Rhea
What is Demeter the Goddess of?
Mother earth
What does Demeter represent?
Civilization vs. nature
Who are Persephone’s parents?
Zeus and Demeter
What is the iconography of Persephone? (6)
▪ Kore = young woman ▪ Headdress/Crown ▪ Throne ▪ Pomegranate ▪ Wheat ▪ Torch
As Demeter’s daughter, what is Persephone nature? (4)
Joy, hope, fertility, spring
As Hade’s queen, what is Persphone nature? (3)
Awesome, fearful, barren
What are the dual aspects of Persephone? (3)
▪ Life/Death
▪ Wife/Virgin
▪ Queen/Maide
How did Persephone come by these contradictory functions?
Homeric Hymn to Demeter
What is Eleusis?
A city near Athens
What is kykeon?
A drink of water and barley
Who does Demeter nurse?
Demophoön
Who is Demophoön?
Son of King Celeus and Queen Metanira
What does the story of Demeter represent symbolically? (3)
▪ Life and death inseparable, renewal of vegetation
▪ Spiritual metaphor: resurrection
▪ Mother-daughter bond
What does the story of Demeter represent Aetiologically? (4)
▪ Why droughts and famine happen
▪ The seasons (but complicated)
▪ Why Hades and Persephone are worshipped together ▪ Sanctuary and mysteries of Eleusis
What does the story of Demeter represent when it comes to Reflecting and reaffirming Greek social practice? (4)
▪ Agriculture (civilization)
▪ Marriage/courtship
▪ Women’s lives
▪ Grief
/Who is Psyche?
The Goddess of souls
What does Psyche represent?
▪ breath
▪ soul
▪ spirit
▪ mind, human consciousness (the etymology of “psychology”)
Who is Charon?
The ferryman of Hades
Who are Charon’s parents?
Nyx and Erebus
What is the fee that is paid to Charon?
Sometimes literal, paid in cash with a coin left in the mouth of the dead
Who does Odysseus seek advice from?
The dead Tiresias
