Lecture 10

Question 1

What does the cell need energy for?

Answer 1

To do work.

CHEMICAL (to make things)

CELLULAR transport

• MECHANICAL use of energy
• That’s all acheived through ENERGY COUPLING

Question 2

What is energy coupling?

Answer 2

This is when the energy of something helps to carry out another reaction.

Question 3

What do exergonic and Endergonic reactions do?

Answer 3

releases energy
absorb energy (energy requiring reaction)

Question 4

What type of reaction is ATP hydrolysis

Answer 4

Exergonic - due to the release of energy

Question 5

What is the Glutamine Acid –>Glutamine endergonic reaction pathway?

Answer 5

1. ATP hydrolysis takes place, breaks into ADP+P
2. P bonds with the Glutamic Acid to form the Phosphorylated Intermediate.
3. When NH3 reacts with the intermediate molecule, it is now a fast reaction, due to the coupling. Thus able to for Glutamine.

Question 6

What is the general pathway for Tranport proteins using energy coupling

Answer 6

1. ATP Hydrophysis
2. Forms phospholyated intermediate as the P binds with the transport protein
3. This will allow the protein to change shape, thus able to transport things against the concentration gradient.

Question 7

What is the general pathway for Motor Proteins in using energy coupling?

Answer 7

1. ATP Hydrolysis
2. Forms phospholyated intermediate as the P binds with the motor protein
3. Changes shape, so is able to transport the molecules on the microfilaments

Question 8

What are the two types of catabolic reactions during cell respiration?

Answer 8

Fermentation

Aerobic Respiration

Question 9

How is the energy with in the electrons captures and extracted?

Answer 9

Via the reduction reactions. SInce the e’s will be more attracting to the oxygen nucleus, it will release energy to pull the e’s away (what the ETC does)

Question 10

What is the general pathway for the Electron Transport chain? (Part 1)

Electrons are ________ from ___ and then are transferred to N_____

A ______ enzyme removes __ hydrogen atoms from glucose

• and transfers the _____ electrons plus _____ H+ to NAD+ forming N___
• N____ used to power electron transport chain

Answer 10

Stripped
Glucose
NAD
Dehydrogenase
2
2
1
NADH
NADH

Question 11

What are the characteristics of ATP Synthase?

Answer 11

1. Makes ATP
2. Is a reverse ion pump
3. Uses H+ gradient to power ATP formation

Question 12

ATP Synthase:

• H+ ions flow into a h___ c___
• H+ ions bind to the r____ and change its s____
• rotor s___
• after o__ t___ of the rotor, H+ ions e___ to the m____
• rotor turns the r___ which activates c___ s____ to produce ATP

Answer 12

Half channel
Rotor
Shape
Spins
One turn
exit
Matrix
rod
catalytic sites

Question 13

What does the O2 at the end receive to form water?

Answer 13

2 electrons

H+’s