Lecture 10

Question 1

You are dissecting a fish in your biology laboratory section. Your TA points out a long oval structure and tells you it is an endocrine gland. Which of the following would you then know is a true statement about this structure?

a. The gland’s product will only interact with receptors on the cell membrane.
b. The gland produces and secretes its product into the blood.
c. It secretes a product that is released through a series of ducts.
d. The gland’s product is lipid soluble.

Answer 1

b. The gland produces and secretes its product into the blood.

Question 2

Different body cells can respond differently to the same peptide hormones because _____.

a. the hormone is chemically altered in different ways as it travels through the circulatory system
b. different target cells have different sets of genes
c. a target cell’s response is determined by the components of its signal transduction pathways
d. the circulatory system regulates responses to hormones by routing the hormones to specific targets

Answer 2

c. a target cell’s response is determined by the components of its signal transduction pathways

Question 3

A cluster of tumor cells that produces and secretes growth factors to induce surrounding cells to grow and divide is showing which type of cell-to-cell signaling?

a. autocrine
b. paracrine
c. neuroendocrine
d. endocrine

Answer 3

b. paracrine

Question 4

What is the only type of chemical signal that does not alter the physiology of the animal producing that signal?

a. paracrine
b. neural
c. pheromones
d. neuroendocrine

Answer 4

c. pheromones