Lecture 10 Flashcards
What are the two main physiological definitions of death?
Irreversible loss of brain function or circulation.
What age is considered for “premature death”?
Before 70–75 years.
What is palliative care?
Care focused on reducing pain and improving quality of life in chronic or terminal illness
What are common benefits of hospice care?
Comfort, psychological support, and reduced invasive treatments.
What criteria must patients meet for MAiD in Canada?
Incurable illness, irreversible decline, and voluntary request.
What is “middle knowledge” in the dying process?
Simultaneously denying death while preparing for it.
What percentage of deaths in Canada were from MAiD in 2022?
4.1%.
Name the five stages of dying proposed by Kübler-Ross.
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
What is integrated grief?
When loss is integrated into a person’s life without dominating it.
What distinguishes complicated grief?
Persistent, intense grief interfering with daily life.
What is the “health-survival paradox” in aging?
Women live longer but experience higher disability rates.
What lifestyle factors help prevent physical and cognitive decline?
Physical activity, cognitive engagement, stress reduction, social support.
What are the three components of successful aging in Rowe & Kahn’s model?
Avoiding disease, maintaining physical/cognitive function, and social engagement.
What is “selective optimization with compensation”?
Adapting goals to maximize positives and minimize negatives in aging.
Which age group fears death more?
Younger adults fear death itself, while older adults focus on the process of dying.
How do near-death experiences affect emotions?
Studies show positive reflections dominate near-death thoughts.
What is one proposed way to slow aging?
Reducing stress to maintain telomere length.
What ethical concerns arise with life-extension science?
Potential societal, environmental, and psychological impacts of extended lifespans.
