Lecture 10 Flashcards
What are the key concepts of cognitive control?
The key concepts of cognitive control include working memory, inhibitory control, set shifting, and abstract thought.
Define concrete thinking and abstract thinking.
Concrete thinking is based on observable and tangible aspects, while abstract thinking is creative and not tied specifically to sensory experiences.
How can abstract thinking be applied in problem-solving, as exemplified by the Raven’s Progressive Matrices test?
Abstract thinking is necessary for tasks like the Raven’s Progressive Matrices test, where participants must identify patterns and relationships that are not based on numerical sequences but require creative thinking.
What are DLPFC neurons?
DLPFC stands for “Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,” which is a region of the brain located in the frontal cortex. DLPFC neurons refer to the individual nerve cells (neurons) found within this specific region of the brain. Neurons in the DLPFC are involved in various cognitive processes, including working memory, executive functions, decision-making, problem-solving, and cognitive contro
What role do DLPFC neurons play in tests like the one involving a cue and an answer?
DLPFC neurons are involved in forming associations between cues and answers, helping in rule-based problem-solving.
Describe the proposed anterior-posterior connection difference in the prefrontal cortex regarding concrete and abstract thinking.
It is proposed that there are anterior (front) connections for abstract thinking and posterior (back) connections for concrete thinking in the prefrontal cortex.
What is required for effective goal planning?
Effective goal planning involves establishing an action hierarchy to organize and prioritize tasks.
How does damage to the frontal lobes affect tasks like running errands?
Frontal lobe damage can lead to poor planning and organization, resulting in inefficient or disorganized activities like running errands.
In broader terms, how does frontal lobe dementia affect creativity in individuals?
Frontal lobe dementia can lead to decreased divergent thinking, potentially reducing creativity.
What is the relationship between creativity and the ability to make associations between non-associated things?
Highly creative individuals are often better at making novel associations between unrelated concepts or ideas.
What are some characteristics or behaviors associated with Frontal Lobe Syndrome?
Frontal Lobe Syndrome is associated with difficulties in planning, emotional outbursts, and increased risk-taking behavior.
Which major brain regions are involved in attention?
The parietal and frontal lobes, along with the thalamus, play significant roles in attention.
What is the supervisory system when it comes to attention?
The supervisory system is responsible for regulating attention, and it is fractionated, meaning it involves multiple components and processes.
How does the provided evidence challenge the notion that frontal lobes are solely responsible for creativity?
The evidence suggests that frontal lobe damage does not necessarily eliminate creativity, as individuals may still exhibit creative thinking despite impaired frontal lobes.
What role does working memory play in attention?
Working memory serves as the primary gatekeeper to attention, helping individuals maintain and manipulate relevant information.
