Lecture 10 Flashcards
who developed a test for measuring sexual orientation and what was it called / how did it work
Kurt Freund
phallometric test called volumetric penile plethysmography
equipment was put on penis, person shown erotic images and the device measures erections
what is the age of consent across countries
14-16 on average
age of consent to engage in sexual activity in canada
16
pedophilia
sexual preference for prepubertal kids in tanner stage 1
hebephilia
sexual pref for youth in early stages of puberty (tanner stage 3)
ephebophilia
sexual pref for youth in mid to late adolescence (tanner stage 3-4)
teleiophilia
sexual pref for physically mature individuals (tanner stage 5)
is child molestation an erotic preference?
no its a behaviour
what is a social influence on pedophilia in men
abuse to abuser hypothesis
idea that the experience of child sexual abuse as a child influences an individual to commit child sex offences as an adult
prediction:
- age of abuse experienced will influence age of victim
- enactment of type of abuse they experienced
- choose same sex victims
Fedoroff and Pinkus study examined sex offenders and their history and found
20% claimed they were sexual abused as a child (this is high compared to general pop)
but none of the predictions for abuse to abuser hypothesis were supported
biological influences on pedophilia in men
prenatal influences
- more likely to be non right handed, shorter, and have minor physical anomalies
brain differences
- pedos more likely to have experienced brain injury prior to puberty
- have white matter connectivity diffs
diff types of female child sex offenders
experimenter hypothesis
- young female who molests child out of curiosity
accompanied by male co-perpetrator
- either willing participant or passive female involved w abusive male (often abuse own kids)
nurturers or caregivers
- adult female w caregiving responsibilities who molests kids while carrying out these duties
psychologically disturbed
- offender w some form of psychosis
- rare
teacher or lover
- female adult in position of authority
- see sex w minor as consensual and not as abuse
traditional
- molests kids to get sexual gratification (follows pattern seen in male offenders)
what are 8 trends in sexual offences
young kids less at risk than those 12+
women less likely to offend
juveniles more likely to commit offenses against young kids
females more likely to b victims esp as they get older
must assaults take place in residences
abuse unlikely to take place in groups
1/2 of offenses against kids are by family or acquaintance, less likely by stranger
arrests are unlikely
what did the finish population study find regarding sexual abuse
2.4% of that population experienced child sexual abuse
experienced 3 types; non contact, contract but no penetration, and penetration
girls more often victims
boys more likely penetrated, girls likely non contact or contact w out penetration
why dont pedos reach out for help
fear of judgement, not being understood, getting in trouble
not knowing where to get help
thinking they cant be helped
