Lecture 10/11 ( slide 1-67)

Question 1

What is population genetics

Answer 1

Study of evolution performed by modeling genetic changes in populations over time

Question 2

What is a population

Answer 2

Group of organisms belonging to 1 species that live in a place and share a common set of genes

Question 3

What is a gene pool

Answer 3

all of the alleles in a population

Question 4

what is a genotype frequency

Answer 4

number of individuals with a genotype divided by all individuals in a population (reminder genotype is the AA Aa or aa designation) (see slide 12 for math example)

Question 5

What is an allele frequency

Answer 5

number of copies of an allele in a population divided by total number of alleles in the pop. (remember that the number of alleles in a diploid population is 2x the population) (see slide 14 for math example)

Question 6

Does AA always mean dominant

Answer 6

No. Remember this, as he had questions in exam 1 that were tricksy around this.

Question 7

5 Assumptions of Hardy Weinberg

Answer 7

infinite population, mating is random, no mutation, no migration, no natural selection.

Question 8

What does it mean if HWE is the null for your calculations

Answer 8

If HWE is the null, the null hypothesis is that there is no evolution occurring in the population

Question 9

What is the formula for hardy weinberg equilibrium

Answer 9

p^2 + 2pq + q^2

Question 10

How do you calculate p and q / what do p and q mean

Answer 10

p is the frequency of the A allele q is the frequency of the a allele (NOT GENOTYPE) - (see slide 14 for allele frequency, then begin at slide 21 for HWE math)

Question 11

How is a population brought into HWE

Answer 11

A single round of random mating will bring a population into HWE - (but any forces acting AFTER mating/zygote formation may violate HWE)