Lecture 1 - Substance abuse and society Flashcards
Define substance abuse.
It is a disorder characterised by its destructive patterns of using a substance that causes problems or distress.
Define addiction.
Addiction is a state characterised by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
Define reinforcing stimuli
It is a stimuli that increase the probability of repeating behaviours paired with them
Define rewarding stimuli.
It is a stimuli that the brain interprets as intrinsically positive or as something to be approached
Define addictive drug.
It is a drug that is rewarding and reinforcing.
Define sensitisation.
It is the amplified response to a stimulus resulting from repeated exposure to it
Define tolerance.
It is diminishing effect of a drug due to repeated administration at a given dose.
Define dependence.
It is an adaptive state associated with withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of repeated exposure to a stimulus.
Define physical dependence.
It is dependence that involves persistent physical-somatic withdrawal symptoms
Define psychological dependence
It is dependence that involve emotional-motivational withdrawal symptoms.
List the factors affecting likelihood of abuse.
- Abuse
- Emotional disorders
- Family history
- Inherited factors
- Low frustration tolerance
- The substance
List the different behavioural treatment approaches.
- Cognitive-behavioural therapy
- Contingency management intervention
- Motivational enhancement therapy
- Family behaviour therapy
List the different pharmacological therapies.
- Abstinence
- Detoxification
- Replacement/substitution therapy
- Formulation or distribution to reduce misuse potential of potential therapies.
