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NeuoBio II > Lecture 1: Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Lecture 1: Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the filum terminale and what are the locations

A

filum terminale internum -> more proximal
filum terminale externum -> more distal

fixes spinal cord to the coccyx

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2
Q

what is the denticulate ligaments and what is its function

A

triangular shaped extensions between the pia mater and spinal cord

stabilize spinal cord

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3
Q

list the pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid mater from superficial to deep

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

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4
Q

(dorsal/ventral) horn is responsible for sensory functions

A

dorsal/posterior horn

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5
Q

white matter (increases/decreases) in the spinal cord as you travel superiorly

why

A

increases

more ascending and descending tracts

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6
Q

substantia gelatinosa:

__ level
__ lamina
function:
sensory/visceral motor/somatic motor

A

all levels
II lamina
function: modulate transmission of pain and temperature information
sensory

(spinothalamic tract)

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7
Q

clarke’s nucleus:

__ levels
__ lamina
function:
sensory/visceral motor/somatic motor

A

T1-L2 levels
VII lamina
function: posterior spinocerebellar tract cells
sensory

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8
Q

intermediolateral column:

__ levels
__ lamina
function:
sensory/visceral motor/somatic motor

A

T1-L2 levels
VII lamina
function: preganglionic sympathetic neurons

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9
Q

sacral parasympathetic nucleus:

__ level
__ lamina
function:
sensory/visceral motor/somatic motor

A

S2-4 levels
VII lamina
function: preganglionic parasympathetic neurons -> pelvic viscera
visceral motor

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10
Q

accessory nucleus:

__ levels
__ lamina
function:
sensory/visceral motor/somatic motor

A

C1-5 levels
IX lamina
function: motor neurons -> SCM and trap
somatic motor

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11
Q

phrenic nucleus:

__ levels
__ lamina
function:
sensory/visceral motor/somatic motor

A

C3-5 levels
IX lamina
functions: motor neurons -> diaphragm
somatic motor

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12
Q

moving medial to lateral in the ventral horn, what area of the extremities are affected

A

proximal/axial to distal extremity

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13
Q

moving anterior to posterior, what muscle groups are controlled in the ventral horn

A

extensor to flexor

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14
Q

where are sensory 1st order neurons located

A

dorsal root ganglion

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15
Q

the dorsal column medial leminiscus system is located in the ___ column

A

posterior

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16
Q

where does the dorsal root ganglion ascend to

A

caudal medulla

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17
Q

where are sensory 2nd order neurons located

A

caudal medulla

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18
Q

what information does the dorsal column medial lemniscus system carry

A

conscious proprioception, vibration, and fine touch

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19
Q

what order is the FG and FC in the spinal cord when moving medial to lateral

A

medial: faciculus gracilis
lateral: faciculus cuteatus

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20
Q

the anterolateral system is also known as..

A

spinothalamic pathway

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21
Q

what is the function of the anterior white commissure

A

nerve fibers that cross the midline of the spinal cord to transmit info from/to contralateral sides of the brain

22
Q

what is the function of the anterior spinothalamic pathway

where does it project to

A

diffuse (chronic) pain

spinal cord

23
Q

t/f
somatotopy is maintained in the anterior spinothalamic pathway

A

false

somatotopy is not maintained in the anterior spinothalamic pathway

24
Q

what information is carried by the lateral spinothalamic pathway

A

sharp pain
temperature
crude touch/itch

25
Q

what information is carried by the posterior spinocerebellar tract

A

unconscious proprioception

26
Q

what information does the posterior spinocerebellar tract carry and where does it send information to

A

ipsilateral sensory information to the cerebellum

27
Q

where does the anterior spinocerebellar tract decussate

A

after clarke’s nucleus

at the anterior white commissure

28
Q

what information does the anterior spinocerebellar tract carry

A

motor informaiton

29
Q

what tracts make up the spinocerebellar tract

A

posterior spinocerebellar tract
anterior spinocerebellar tract

30
Q

moving posterior to anterior in the dorsal column medial lemniscus, what information is carried

A

proprioception - posterior
vibration
fine touch - anterior

31
Q

moving superficial to deep in the lateral spinothalamic tract, what body part information is carried

A

leg - superficial
trunk
arm
neck - superficial

32
Q

what ascending tracts are uncrossed in the spinal cord

A

POSTERIOR COLUMN
fasiculus gracilis
fasiculus cuneatus
lissauer’s tract
posterior spinocerebellar tract (rubrospinal cerebellar and dorsal spinocerebellar tract)

33
Q

what ascending tracts in the spinal cord are crossed

A

ANTLAT COLUMN
lateral spinothalamic tract
anterior spinocerebellar tract
anterior lateral spinothalamic tract
spinoreticular tract

34
Q

what tracts tun in the lateral funiculus

A

corticospinal tract
rubrospinal tract

35
Q

what is the function of the lateral funiculus

A

flexor muscles
innervating posterior ventral horn
fine motor control

36
Q

t/f
no somatotopy is found below the pons

A

true

37
Q

where do most of the fibers decssate in the corticospinal tract

A

at the pyramid

38
Q

what is the function of the rubrospinal tract

A

fine motor control

39
Q

what is the function of the anterior funiculus

A

mainly extensors
innervating medial and anterior ventral horn

40
Q

what tracts run in the anterior funiculus

A

medial corticospinal tract
vestibulospinal tract
reticulospinal tract

41
Q

what descending tracts are crossed in the spinal cord

A

lateral corticospinal tract
rubrospinal tract

42
Q

what descending tracts are uncrossed in the spinal cord

A

vestibulospinal tract
reticulospinal tract
anterior/medial corticospinal tract

43
Q

t/f
most uncrossed descending tracts in the spinal cord project bilaterally through the anterior white commissure

A

true

44
Q

where does the lateral corticospinal tract cross

A

pyramid of medulla

45
Q

where does he rubrospinal tract cross

A

midbrain

46
Q

why are fine motor skills more difficult to recover following injury to the spinal cord

A

fine motor skills are located more laterally in the ventral horn

47
Q

what are the functions of the propriospinal neurons

A

central pattern generators
interneurons coordinate reflexes
interneurons for visceral pain sensory ascending tracts (archispinaothalamic tract)
interneurons for higher level descending tracts

48
Q

what is the function of the fasciculus proprius

A

interconnecting different spinal cord levels

49
Q

what ipsilateral symptoms would you expect with brown sequard syndrome

A

DCML injury symptoms
motor function loss
proprioception/fine touch/vibration loss
unconscious proprioception (posterior spinocerebellar tract involvement)

50
Q

what contralateral symptoms would you expect with brown sequard syndrome

A

anterior spinothalamic symptoms
pain/temperatrure/crude touch loss
altered motor function

51
Q

what is a syrinx

A

cyst in the spinal cord or brainstem

52
Q

what symptoms would you expect with syrinx

A

pain/paresthesia in the same dermatome bilaterally

d/t compression on anterior white commissure = bilateral anterolateral system impaired

NeuoBio II (4 decks)

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