lecture 1 - proteins Flashcards
Proteome
Entire complement of proteins expressed …or particular set of proteins expressed under specific conditions
Genome
- All genes encoded in the genetic material
- The complete DNA sequence
How do many ‘less complex’ have far larger genomes sizes than humans?
complexity not in genome size
What is the C - value?
Quantity of DNA in haploid nucleus relative to genome size. Bears no relationship yo yhr complexity of organism or the number of genes In the genome.
Examples of model systems in genomics
- E.coli
- Yeast
- Arabidopsis
- Drosophila
- C.elegans
- mouse
why s E.coli a good model organism?
- Lots of background info
Genomics
comprehensive study of whole steps of genes and their interactions
Micro array
- ssDNA for genes deposited on a surface
- labeled target molecules put over surface and bind
Proteomics
The study of the full set of proteins encoded by the genome
How to analyse proteins?
Use of 2D gels to separate proteins based on size and charge. Then analysed in mass spec.
why is the proteome more complex than the genome?
- alternative splicing of pre-mRNA
- psot - transcriptional modifications
why can we get such high complexity, with minimal genes?
posttrancriptional modifications
what is the protein ‘ influenza neuraminidase?
a protein that site on the surface of a virus
Key features of the neuraminidase protein
- 4 identical subunits
- ligand binding sites
What does neuraminidase do?
cleaves silica acid from the surface of the cell in order to release the virus
