lecture 1- mental health and mental illness Flashcards
what is mental health
able to recognize own potential
cope with normal stress
work productively (occupation)
make contribution to community (varies per person)
what are traits of mental health (7)
think rationally
communicate appropriately
learn
grow emotionally
be resilient
have a healthy self-esteem
realistic goals and reasonable function within the individual’s role
what is mental illness
disorders with definable diagnosis
significant dysfunction in mental functioning related to: developmental, biological, physiological disturbances
culturally defined
describe resilience
ability and capacity to secure resources needed to support well-being
ex: “strength” to recover, ability to bounce back
essential to recovery!
what is resilience characterized by
optimism
sense of mastery
competence
what are the risk and protective factors of mental health
individual attributes and behaviors
social and economic circumstances
environmental factors
describe the diathesis stress model
-biological predisposition of mental illness due to environmental stress or trauma
- combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors (ex: someone develops major depression d/t inherited and biological vulnerability that alters brain chemistry or through stressful environment
what is assertion in relation to diathesis stress model
describes how most psychiatric disorders result from a combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors
describe the mental health parity act (1996)
parity = equivalence
- required insurance companies to provide EQUAL treatment coverage for psychiatric disorders
describe patient protection and affordable care act
- coverage for most uninsured Americans through expanded medicaid eligibility (for very poor)
- created health insurance exchanges to offer more choices
- “insurance mandate” for coverage
what is epidemiology of mental disorders
quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human population
- identifies high risk groups
- identifies high risk factors
what is incidence in relation to epidemiology
number of new cases in a given time
what is prevalence in relation to epidemiology
number of cases regardless of when they began
- total number of cases
what is lifetime risk in relation to epidemiology
risk that one will develop a disease in the course of a lifetime
what are examples of prevalence
- major depressive disorder: 6.7% prevalence
- schizophrenia: 1.1% prevalence
- panic disorder: 2.7% prevalence
- generalized anxiety: 3.1% prevalence
what is clinical epidemiology
examines health and illness at population level
groups treated for specific mental disorders are studied for:
- natural history of illness
- diagnostic screening tests
- interventions
clinical epidemiology results used to describe frequency of (2)
mental disorders + symptoms appearing together (physical)
what is the DSM-V
the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
- official medical guidelines of the american psychiatric association for diagnosing psychiatric disorders
- based on specific criteria influenced by multi professional clinical field trials
what is the ICD-10-CM
international classification of diseases
- clinical descriptions of mental and behavior disorders
- 2 broad classifications & subclassifications
what is the role of psychiatric mental health nurses
- main: promoting mental health through assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of behavioral and mental disorders
- use nursing, psychosocial, neurobiological theories and research
- work with people throughout the life span
- employed in a variety of settings and among varied population
what is within NANDA-I
standardized nursing diagnoses
what is within NOC (nursing outcomes classification)
standardized outcomes, definitions of these outcomes, and measuring scales
what is within NIC (nursing interventions classification)
seven domains of nursing interventions
describe the basic level of psychiatric nursing practice
- psychiatric mental health registered nurse (PMH-RN)
- 2 years full time, 2000 clinical hours, 30 hours continuing education, followed by certification exam to add “BC” to RN title (RN-BC)