Lecture 1: Lifestyle factors and disease Flashcards
What % of deaths are cardiovascular?
24%
What % of deaths are cancer?
21%
What % of deaths are respiratory?
20%
What are health protective behaviours?
Exercise Physical activity Diet Nutrition Sleep
What are screening behaviours?
Hypertension
Blood cholesterol
Cancer screening (mammogram, cervical smear)
Dental checks
What are health risk behaviours?
Smoking
Alcohol consumption Recreational drug use
Unsafe sex
Risky driving
What is the (bio)psychosocial model of health promotion?
Early identification of people at higher risk
Screening
Self-examination
Legislative action / government initiatives importance of central and local government
What is the IBM model of health behaviour?
Information and motivation –> behavioural skills –> behaviour
What is the HBM model of health behaviour?
Perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived costs, perceived benefits –> behaviour
Cues to action and self efficacy
What is the TPB model of health behaviour?
Attitude, subjective norm, behavioural control –> intention –> behaviour
What is the TTM model of health behaviour?
Pre-contemplation –> contemplation (relapse) –> preparation (relapse) –> action (relapse) –> maintenance
What are the SMART goals?
Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Time-limited
What is motivational interviewing?
1: 1 approach that helps people
- Overcome ambivalence about behaviour change
- Enhance commitment to change
- Enhance motivation to change
- Address barriers to change
What are the limitations of these models?
Don’t explain all variation
Probabilistic - can’t explain exceptions
Don’t address maintenance of change
What are the boundary conditions in the dual process model?
Habitualness Ego depletion Mood Cognitive load Working memory capacity Alcohol / other drugs
